BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260670929
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 29, Problem 14WIO
Summary Introduction
To identify:
The ways by which natural selection favors the immune system to adjust to change against the wide variety of organisms.
Introduction:
The immune system helps to protect the body from harmful pathogens. Pathogens are disease-causing organisms that weaken our immune system.
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The ways in by which natural selection favors the pathogen that evades the immune system.
Introduction:
Pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms. They kill the cells of the immune system and weaken the immune system of the body.
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Human immune system
a) Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are conserved molecular structures produced by microorganisms, but not by host cells.
b) A virus-infected host cell that displays a viral antigen via MHC class I molecules may become a target of cytotoxic T cells.
c) Secreted MHC Class I proteins present in blood plasma can function as opsonins.
d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect
e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correct
Which cell type, molecule, or process listed below does not has a function or role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems?
A) O Macrophages
B) O Dendritic cells
C) O Complement activation
D) O Phagocytosis
E) O all the above have a role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems
1) The immune system and the brain are (two correct answers) :
unrelated to one another
strictly connected
communicate through biological pathways including inflammation
2) How would you define the relationship between the immune system and the brain?
a) Unidirectional (the immune system does not influence the brain)
b) Unidirectional (the brain influences the immune system but only in case of severe physical diseases like cancer)
c) bidirectional (they influence each other)
Chapter 29 Solutions
BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
Ch. 29.1 - List the cell types that participate in the bodys...Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 29.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.2 - Describe the external barriers to infection.Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 29.2 - Prob. 5MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 4MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 29.4 - What is a vaccine?Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 29 - During the humoral immune response, a. B cells...Ch. 29 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 29 - How do vaccines prevent infectious disease? a. By...Ch. 29 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 1WIOCh. 29 - Explain why a scraped knee increases the chance...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 29 - Briefly explain the function of each innate and...Ch. 29 - What do a plasma cell and a memory cell descended...Ch. 29 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 10WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 12WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 13WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 14WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 1SLCh. 29 - Review the survey the Landscape figure in the...Ch. 29 - Add memory B cells, plasma cells, memory cytotoxic...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3PITCh. 29 - Prob. 4PIT
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- What statements are correct about the innate immune system? O A) It is present from birth B) It is very specific, and has a memory C) It acts in the same way on all microorganisms D) It is active before an infection occurs O E) A, B, and O F) A, C, and Darrow_forwardWhich is true regarding the innate immune system? A) O Opsonization is responsible for destroying virus-infected cells. B) OPeyer's patches are part of your adaptive immune system that serves to help in antibody formation C)O Your microbiota consists of billions of bacteria that are found in (and on) every part ofyour body 11 D) O Your innate immune system is generally faster acting than your adaptive immune system. E) O Microbial antagonism the mechanism by which pathogens are able to colonize your bodyarrow_forwardThis term describes an antigen that is too small to be immunogenic, however it binds to proteins in the body to increase its size, allowing it to then be able to trigger an immune reaction: O 1) hapten O 2) alloantigen 3) superantigen O 4) epitopearrow_forward
- Vaccination increases the number of(A) different receptors that recognize a pathogen.(B) lymphocytes with receptors that can bind to the pathogen.(C) epitopes that the immune system can recognize.(D) MHC molecules that can present an antigenarrow_forwardWhich of the following accurately describes the inducibility of adaptive immunity? A) a given immune response acts against a specific antigen possessed by a pathogen B) both cells and antibodies are involved in immune responses C) immune cells acting against a given pathogen increase greatly in number upon encountering that pathogen D) immune responses against the body's own molecules do not normally occur E) pathogens stimulate cells involved in adaptive immunityarrow_forwardWhich of the following accurately describes the inducibility of adaptive immunity? A) a given immune response acts against a specific antigen possessed by a pathogen B) both cells and antibodies are involved in immune responses C) immune cells acting against a given pathogen increase greatly in number upon encountering that pathogen D) immune responses against previously encountered pathogens are faster and more potent E) immune responses against the body's own molecules do not normally occur F) pathogens stimulate cells involved in adaptive immunityarrow_forward
- Which of the following describes the self-tolerance of adaptive immunity? A) a given immune response acts against a specific antigen possessed by a pathogen B) both cells and antibodies are involved in immune responses C) immune responses against previously encountered pathogens are faster and more potent D) immune responses against the body's own molecules do not normally occur E) pathogens stimulate cells involved in adaptive immunityarrow_forward1) the relationship between the brain and the immune system is: a) bidirectional b) Unidirectional c) A legend because it has not been proven scientifically 2) In response to viral infection, the immune cell starts releasing proteins to coordinate the immune system's response. These proteins: a) Do not affect the brain because there is no connection between the immune system and the brain b) Affect the brain, and cause depressive-like symptoms c) Are unable to enter the brainarrow_forwardWhich is not applicable to innate immunity? A) O t is faster than adaptive immunity in responding to pathogens B) )Olt can involve toll-like receptors C) O It may use complement to kill pathogens. D) O The inflammatory response is part of innate immunity. E) O It can make one resistant to future infections.arrow_forward
- Superantigensa) are exceptionally large antigen molecules.b) cause a very large antibody response.c) elicit a response from a large number of T cells.d) attach non-specifically to B-cell receptors.e) assist in a protective immune response.arrow_forward1) According to the video, what is another name for the innate immune sys and what does this system do? 2) According to the video, what causes inflammation and what cells cause it? 3) According to the video, what happens to neutrophils after they consume a pathogen? 4) According to the video, natural killer cells; what do they do? 5) The adaptive/acquired immune system can tell the difference between types of pathogens: true or false? 6) According to the video, helper t- function: 7) According to the video, cytotoxic t cells function: 8) According to the video, memory cells function:arrow_forwardThe primary function of the immune system is to protect the host from invasion by foreign organisms. But how does the immune system prevent itself from mounting attacks against its host? In other words, how does the immune system distinguish between self and nonself?arrow_forward
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Immune System and Immune Response Animation; Author: Medical Sciences Animations;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDdbUBXPKc4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Immune response: summary; Author: Dr Bhavsar Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADANgHkX4OY;License: Standard Youtube License