Concept explainers
To analyze:
The differences in the
Given:
The variation at a single locus called the yup caused color differences in the two species, which was found by the researchers. The gene of M. cardinalis allele C is recessive, whereas the allele L of the M. lewisii is dominant.
The genotypes CC were found to be red, and the genotypes LC and LL were found to be light pink. The preference of the bees and hummingbirds were recorded. The graphs below show the visitation rates of the bees and hummingbirds.
Introduction:
Flower shows a variety of morphology having different color, structure, and texture. The morphology of flowers is decided by their genetic trait. Pollination plays an important role in the life cycle of the plant. It helps in fertilization of flowers. Pollination is carried out with the help of different insects, birds, and animals.
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Chapter 28 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
- 1.)The frequency of the R allele for round seeds in a certain population of 500 peas wasfound to be 0.45. How many of them were wrinkled? How many of them had the rr genotype? How many of them were round? 2.)In humans, a dominant allele controls the formation of a cleft chin, a Y-shaped fissurein the chin caused by an atypical bone formation in the mandible (this phenotypeis also known as a chin dimple). A survey of 1200 college students found that108 of them did not have a cleft chin. What was the frequency of heterozygotes inthat student population?arrow_forwardIn the fly speciation experiment described in class, Drosophila from a single culture was split into four isolated cultures, 2 raised on maltose food and two on starch food. After forty generations all possible crosses were done between maltose and starch flies and between the two starch populations. Flies from different food types had very low mating frequencies compared to flies from the same food type but flies from different starch populations only mated at a very slightly lower rate than flies from the same starch population. How would you interpret this finding? Group of answer choices A. allopatric speciation is more powerful than sympatric speciation B. flies are incapable of evolution C. drift causes divergence more rapidly than selection D. sympatric speciation is more powerful than allopatric speciation E. selection causes divergence more rapidly than driftarrow_forwardIn a species of plant, two genes control flower color. The redallele (R) is dominant to the white allele (r); the color-producingallele (C) is dominant to the non-color-producing allele (c). Yoususpect that either an rr homozygote or a cc homozygote willproduce white flowers. In other words, rr is epistatic to C, andcc is epistatic to R. To test your hypothesis, you allowed heterozygousplants (RrCc) to self-fertilize and counted the phenotypesof the offspring. You obtained the following data: 201 plantswith red flowers and 144 with white flowers. Conduct a chisquare test to see if your observed data are consistent with yourhypothesis.arrow_forward
- In the fly speciation experiment described in class, Drosophila from a single culture was split into four isolated cultures, 2 raised on maltose food and two on starch food. After forty generations all possible crosses were done between maltose and starch flies and between the two starch populations. Flies from different food types had very low mating frequencies compared to flies from the same food type but flies from different starch populations only mated at a very slightly lower rate than flies from the same starch population. How would you interpret this finding?arrow_forwardWhen the F1 bees were backcrossed to the inbred resistant line produced 4 types of offspring in equal numbers: ¼ if the back-cross offspring showed the complete hygienic behavior pattern¼ of the back-cross offspring showed none of the elements of hygienic behavior¼ of the back-cross offspring would uncap the cells of the diseased larvae but these workers would not remove the diseased larvae¼ of the back-cross offspring would remove the diseased larvae (once the experimenter had uncapped the cells of the diseased larvae) 1. Is it possible that two gene loci are involved in the resistant behavior? Show work.arrow_forwardchickens, comb shape is determined by alleles at twa loci (R. And P.) Walnut comb is produced w atan one dominant allele Is present at one locus and at least one dominant allele Pis present at a second locus Prototype. A rose comb is produced when at least one dominant allele is present at the first locus and two recessive alletes are present at the second locus (genotype: Rpp). A pea comb is produced when two recessive alleles are present at the first locus and at least one dominant allele is present at the second (genotypes wa recessive alleles are present at the first and at the second locus trap), a single comb is produced Progeny with what types of combs and in what proportions will result from the cross between Rp and PP 14 Walnut Pol 1/4 rose comb (Ppl. 1/4 Pea comb (rrPp), 1/4 single comb (rrpp) 16 walnut, 3/16 rosecomb (pp. 3/16 pea.comb (P X. 1/16 single comb (rrpp) O34 rose comb (R PP), 1/4 single comb rrpp) 12 walnut (RPp), 1/2 rose comb (Rpp). O pea (Pp). O single comb…arrow_forward
- 3. 3 I bbtal) Let's take a ślightly different look at the blue-eyed Mary Plants again. To remind you, the populations are dimorphic for dark blotches on the leaves --- some plants have blotches, and others don't. You have already determined earlier in the semester that Blotched is the dominant allele for this trait (use p for the dominant allele), and blotchless (no dark blotches on leaves) is the recessive allele for this trait (use g for the recessive allele). Leaves were sampled from each individual in a population of these plants, representing population in its entirety. The results are shown below: Remember our Hardy-Weinberg formulas: p² + 2pq +q² = 1 and p + q =1. Based solely on the phenotypic information given in the figure above, determine the following information (round to 2 decimal nlaces, please): :de d£h: q = 2pq- 2pqs What percentage of the plants are homozygous for the dominant allele?arrow_forwardDifferent species of crickets have distinct songs, andthey use these songs for mate recognition. Researcherscrossed two species of Hawaiian crickets (Laupala paranigra and L. kohalensis) whose songs are distinguishedby pulse rate (the number of pulses per second; Shaw etal., Molecular Ecology 16, 2007, 2879–2892.) Then, theymapped QTL in the F2 population derived from thiscross. Six autosomal QTL were detected. The mean traitvalues (pulses per second) at the three genotypic classesin the F2 for each QTL are shown in the table below,where P indicates the L. paranigra allele and K indicatesthe L. kohalensis allele.a. Calculate the additive (A) and dominance (D) effectsand the D/A ratio for each of the six QTL.b. Which of these QTL shows the greatest amount ofdominance?c. Which of these has the largest additive effect?d. The mean pulse rate for L. kohalensis is 3.72, and it is0.71 for L. paranigra. Do all six QTL act in the expecteddirection with the L. kohalensis allele conferring a…arrow_forwardAn anthropologist discovered that Papa new Guyana tribes that had given up the customs of cannibalism also had an avid aversion to grapefruit . The ability to taste the horridbitterness of PTC present in grapefruit respectively human brain tissue is due to a dominant alial. A small tribe of 637 Papa New Guinea hens was tested by a population geneticists the following results were displayed. Tasters Non-tasters Total Males 171 86 257 Females 337 43 380 Total 508 129 637 A.)Calculate the recessive ally of frequency (i)among males (ii) among females B.) calculate the amount of individuals being homeless sigus for tasting PTC, also the number of heterozygotes individuals and non tasters within the tribe. C.) another tribe still being cannibals trust past the territory of the other tribe they were captured killed and feasted on the brains of 50 PTC tasting males respectively 19 females as to access their abilities seen as a gift from gods.…arrow_forward
- About 70% of American perceive a bitter taste from the chemical phenylthiocarbamide ( PTC ). The ability to taste this chemical resultsfrom a dominant allele(T) and not being able to taste PTC is the result of having two recessive allele(t).Albinism is also a single locus trait with normal pigment being dominant(A) abd the lack of pigment being recssive(a).A normally pigmented woman who cannot taste PTC has a father who is an albinotaster.She marries a homozygous,normally pigmented man who is a taster but who has a mother that does not taste PTC.What are the genotypes of the possible children?arrow_forwardIn a population of wild squirrels, most of them have gray fur, butan occasional squirrel is completely white. If we let P and p represent dominant and recessive alleles, respectively, of a genethat encodes an enzyme necessary for pigment formation,which of the following statements do you think is most likely tobe correct?a. The white squirrels are pp, and the p allele is a loss-offunction allele.b. The gray squirrels are pp, and the p allele is a loss-offunction allele.c. The white squirrels are PP, and the P allele is a loss-offunction allele.d. The gray squirrels are PP, and the P allele is a loss-offunction allelarrow_forwardA certain form of congenital glaucoma is caused by an autosomalrecessive allele. Assume that the mutation rate is 10-5 and that peoplewith this condition produce, on the average, only about 80% of theoffspring produced by people who do not have glaucoma.a. At equilibrium between mutation and selection, what will the frequencyof the gene for congenital glaucoma be?b. What will the frequency of the disease be in a randomly matingpopulation that is at equilibrium?arrow_forward
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