Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 28, Problem 18RQ
What role do the fossils named “Ardi” and “Lucy” play in the reconstruction of human evolutionary history?
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What makes Archeopteryx an important fossil evolutionarily?
This species has a mix of characters that suggest it was a "transitional" species between two large groups, dinosaurs and birds.
This species is the oldest known, universally agreed upon, fossil of life, and therefore tells up what the common ancestor to all living things might have been like.
This species is thought to be the last common ancestor between chimps and humans, and therefore is the root of our own specific group (homonins).
This species has a mix of characters that suggests is was a "transitional" species between two large groups, fish and amphibians.
Who are the fossils “Ardi” and “Lucy”? Elaborate on the roles each played in the reconstruction of human evolutionary history?
Examine the image of the relatedness of vertebrates represented in this phylogenetic tree. Which statements are correctly inferred from this tree? Select all that apply.
A) The mammals are the outgroup in this tree.
B) Birds and dinosaurs share a recent common ancestor.
C) Mammals and birds are more closely related than any other species.
D) Turtles are equally as diverged from lizards and snakes as they are from crocodiles.
E) Lizards and snakes are more recently diverged from each other than they are from crocodiles.
Chapter 28 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 28 - Describe the evolution of mammals, tracing their...Ch. 28 - Describe structural and functional adaptations...Ch. 28 - Hair is hypothesized to have evolved in therapsids...Ch. 28 - What is distinctive about each of the following:...Ch. 28 - Describe location and principal function(s) of...Ch. 28 - Define diphyodont and heterodont and explain why...Ch. 28 - Prob. 7RQCh. 28 - Most herbivorous mammals depend on cellulose as...Ch. 28 - How does fermentation differ between horses and...Ch. 28 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 28 - Describe the annual migrations of barren-ground...Ch. 28 - Prob. 12RQCh. 28 - Describe and distinguish patterns of reproduction...Ch. 28 - Distinguish between territory and home range for...Ch. 28 - Describe the hare-lynx population cycle,...Ch. 28 - Prob. 16RQCh. 28 - Prob. 17RQCh. 28 - What role do the fossils named Ardi and Lucy play...Ch. 28 - Prob. 19RQCh. 28 - When did the different species of Homo appear and...Ch. 28 - Prob. 1FFT
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- The first modern humans evolved in Africa. a) What are two kinds of evidence supporting that conclusion, one based on data from living individuals and one from some other source of data? b) What are some unique anatomic and behavioral traits that are unique to hominid species compared to primates, and to Homo sapiens in particular, compared to other hominid species?arrow_forwardWhich is NOT an example of a structural homology? Please choose all applicable options. a) All vertebrate embryos form pharyngeal pouches.b) Vertebrate forelimbs generally have the same number and a similar arrangement of bones.c) The same group of embryonic cells forms the adult jaw of a perch and of a dog.d) All organisms share a common genetic code.arrow_forwardAssume the common ancestor was non-venomous, had non-jointed limbs, antennae, and 10 legs. Assume that all evolutionary changes in these traits are shown. a) What traits does Species C have? b) What traits does species F have?arrow_forward
- a) Which of the derived traits came into existence before the bony shell? b) List all the derived characters in the table that would have been present in the ancestor to gorillas, wolves and humans.arrow_forwardWhat is plausible evidence supporting the hypothesis that birds evolved from dinosaurs? Please choose the best option. a) Dinosaurs and birds are both predatory.b) Fossilized transitional forms are discovered that possess features of birds and dinosaurs yet are difficult to classify into either group.c) The wing structure of a bird is similar to a dinosaur.d) Bird fossils can be found alongside dinosaur fossils.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about convergent evolution is true? (a) It demonstrates how similar environments can lead to different physical structures. (b) It demonstrates how similar environments can lead to the same physical structures. (c) It demonstrates that similarity of structures is due to descent from a common ancestor. (d) It demonstrates that similarity of structures is due to random chance.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about the phylogeny of birds and reptiles. Question 35 options: a) Birds are more closely related to amphibians then they are to reptiles. b) Birds are a type of reptile, but are not related to dinosaurs. c) Birds and reptiles are the least related vertebrates. d) Birds are a type of reptile and are descended from a group of dinosaurs.arrow_forwarda) Which of the derived traits came into existence before the bony shell? Explain. b) List all the derived characters in the table that would have been present in the ancestor to gorillas, wolves and humans. Explain.arrow_forward7) Examine the image of the relatedness of vertebrates represented in this phylogenetic tree. Select all the statements that are supported by this tree. A) Gray whales are the common ancestor of the Blue and Humpback whales. B) Blue and humpback whales diverged more recently than either did from the gray whale. C) The Bryde's whale shares a more recent common ancestor with the Sei whale than with the Fin whale. D) The blue and the Bryde's whale have more traits in common with each other than with any other two species, E) Southern minke whales and Northern minke whales have more traits in common with each other than with any other species. Not Gradedarrow_forward
- Which of the following is supported by molecular phylogenetic studies? a.) Lobe-finned fish are more closely related to humans than to other fish. b.) Lobe-finned fish are more closely related to other fish than to humans. c.) Lobe-finned fish are more closely related to other fish than to humans. d.) All of the answers are correct e.) Lobe-finned fish are tetrapods.arrow_forward4) What makes Archeopteryx an important fossil evolutionarily? A)This species has a mix of characters that suggest it was a "transitional" species between two large groups, dinosaurs and birds. B)This species is the oldest known, universally agreed upon, fossil of life, and therefore tells up what the common ancestor to all living things might have been like. C)This species has a mix of characters that suggests is was a "transitional" species between two large groups, fish and amphibians. D)This species is thought to be the last common ancestor between chimps and humans, and therefore is the root of our own specific group (homonins).arrow_forwardA 2015 article in Nature has summarized the early history of jawed vertebrates using highlights from recent discoveries and how they have changed our understanding of vertebrate evolution. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140416133336.htm Question: Given these recent discoveries, how should the cladogram below change? Describe it. It will likely be helpful to reference a synapomorphy noted on the cladogram.arrow_forward
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