Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 3R
In the sulfur cycle, microbes degrade organic sulfur compounds, such as (a) __, to release H2S, which can be oxidized by Thiobacillus to (b) __. This ion can be assimilated into amino acids by (c) __ or reduced by Desulfovibrio to (d) __. H2S is used by photoautotrophic bacteria as an electron donor to synthesize (e) __. The sulfur-containing by-product of this
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Imagine you are trying to use an organism to remove organic matter in a wastewater treatment plant (i.e., poop). You would like to maximize the amount of waste consumed while also minimizing the amount of cells produced.
Assuming these organisms exist and all other things are equal, what combination of chemoorganotrophic organism and environment would make the most sense to use?
An organism that only has the Entner-Duoduroff pathway under anaerobic conditions.
This was a trick question – the organism would have to be a chemolithotroph since it is consuming a chemical.
An organism that only has the Entner-Duoduroff pathway under aerobic conditions.
An organism that only has the Embden Meyer Parnas pathway under anaerobic conditions.
An organism that only has the Embden Meyer Parnas pathway under anaerobic conditions.
Inorganic Nitrate (N03-) contaminated the soil around their plant. Scientists developed mechanisms for removing Nitrite (N02-) from the soil, but have not found one for Nitrate (N03-). Is there any types of bacteria that could metabolize Nitrate (N03-) to give rise to Nitrite (N02-)?
Indicate ALL metabolic pathways that could be used
(aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, aerobic chemolithotrophy, and anaerobic chemolithotrophy) to carry out this reaction? Which of these reactions can oxidize or reduce inorganic materials
8. Anaerobic respiration is different from aerobic respiration in that...
a) in anaerobic respiration oxygen is not the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain.
b) anaerobic respiration can only produce 2 ATP.
c) anaerobic respiration only includes the metabolic pathway of glycolysis.
d) anaerobic respiration is an anabolic reaction type.
Chapter 27 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 27 - The koala is a leaf-eating animal. What can you...Ch. 27 - Give one possible explanation of why Penicillium...Ch. 27 - In the sulfur cycle, microbes degrade organic...Ch. 27 - Why is the phosphorus cycle important?Ch. 27 - DRAW IT 5. Identify where the following processes...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6RCh. 27 - Outline the treatment process for drinking water.Ch. 27 - Prob. 8RCh. 27 - Bioremediation refers to the use of living...Ch. 27 - NAME IT 10. These nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes...
Ch. 27 - Activated sludge system a. the process takes place...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 27 - Nitrogen fixation a. the process takes place under...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 27 - The water used to prepare intravenous solutions in...Ch. 27 - CO2+H2SLightLightC6H12O6+S0 a. aerobic respiration...Ch. 27 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 27 - CO2+8H++8eCH4+2H2O a. aerobic respiration b....Ch. 27 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 27 - Coliforms are used as indicator organisms of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1ACh. 27 - Explain the effect of dumping untreated sewage...Ch. 27 - Flooding after two weeks of heavy rainfall in...Ch. 27 - The bioremediation process shown in the photograph...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
11. In the early 1800s, French naturalist Jean Baptiste Lamarck suggested that the best explanation for the rel...
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Some people compare DNA to a blueprint stored in the office of a construction company. Explain how this analogy...
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Single penny tossed 20 times and counting heads and tails: Probability (prediction): _______/20 heads ________/...
Laboratory Manual for Holes Human Anatomy & Physiology Fetal Pig Version
Why is it necessary to be in a pressurized cabin when flying at 30,000 feet?
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
What were the major microbiological interests of Martinus Beijerinck and Sergei Winogradsky? It can be said tha...
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
Which of the following would be used to identify an unknown bacterial culture that came from a patient in the i...
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If two cultures of a facultative anaerobe were grown under identical conditions except that one was exposed to oxygen and the other was completely deprived of oxygen, what differences would you expect to see between the two cultures? (What metabolic pathway would be occurring in each? Why?)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false regarding the electron donors in prokaryotic metabolism? A) O The use of organic compounds as electron donors is known as chemo-organotrophy. B) OLithotrophy refers to the use of inorganic molecules as electron sources. C) O Photolysis of water provides electrons to phototrophic organisms such as cyanobacteria. D) O Electrons can be obtained from inorganic chemicals such as H2S. E) O Oxygen can serve as an electron donor.arrow_forwardOnly select prokaryotic organisms can harvest energy from food by oxidative phosphorylation, but can do this in the absence of oxygen. These organisms are using: a) Aerobic respiration b) Carbon fixation c) Fermentation d) Anaerobic respiration e) Photophosphorylationarrow_forward
- Write the complete redox reactions for the following microbial metabolisms. Give an example of a type of environment where such bacteria may thrive (will there be plentiful O2? Organics-rich sediment? mineral-bearing rock formations etc?) Oxidation of glucose (C6H12O6) by sulfate (H2SO4) reducers (redox products are CO2 and H2S). Oxidation of ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)2) by iron-oxidizing bacteria in oxygen (O2)-rich environment. Redox products are Fe(OH)3 and H2 Please write all redox reactions correctly and explain! Thanks!arrow_forwardA chemolithoautotroph is respiring using only iron (Fe3+) and nitrite (NO2-). This bacterium does not consume organic molecules. Describe a result of this organism’s metabolic pathways that could be beneficial to another organism (of any type) living in close proximityarrow_forwardEscherichia coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen and can cause serious illness in humans by producing toxins that can severely damage the lining of intestines and kidneys. What are the oxygen requirements of coli? What result would you observe in the MTM agar deep test? Explain. Research on the growth requirements of this bacterium is required. What is the role of oxygen and cytochrome c oxidase in aerobic respiration? Why does the nitrate reduction tube turn red after the addition of zinc? Clostridium tetani is a common soil bacterium and causes tetanus. Would you expect tetani to possess the enzyme catalase? Explain. Research on the growth requirements of this bacterium is required.arrow_forward
- The photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? cell bio 6CO2 + 12H2S C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2Oarrow_forwardIn aerobic respiration, cells generate heat as they grow. The amount of heat generated by cells is proportional to the amount of oxygen they consume. Accordingly, it was found that 460 kJ is generated per gmol of O2 consumed. Suppose that you need to choose a fermenter for optimal growth of Bacillus subtilis cells. It is known that the maximum oxygen demand of B. subtilis is 100 mol m3 h1. A vendor offers you a reactor with a cylindrical shape (2.8 m in diameter) and 15 m³ volume. The reactor includes a cooling coil with 30 m length and a pipe diameter of 6 cm, through which. For practical purposes, power input by the rotating impeller inside the bioreactor can be neglected. Does this reactor meet the cooling requirements of your production process? Note: If you think you need more information than you are provided with here to solve this problem, use online resources to find the required information. In this case, please state your source clearly. Note: You may assume that the…arrow_forwardIron bacteria, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria, which all oxidize inorganic compounds through a series of chemical reactions, are best described as O 1) photoheterotrophs 2) chemoheterotrophs O 3) chemolithotrophs. O 4) photoautotrophs 5) chemoautotrophs.arrow_forward
- A chemolithoautotroph is respiring using only iron (Fe3+) and nitrite (NO2-). This bacterium does not consume organic molecules. How does this organism make NADH?arrow_forwardCyanide is a chemical that irreversibly binds to (i.e. prevents the functioning of) the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, an important enzyme in the electron transport system. a) Explain, at the cellular level, why cyanide is a lethal chemical. b) Suggest at least one other cellular consequence of cyanide (i.e. what else happens to the electron transport system when cyanide is present), and an explanation of this effect.arrow_forwardWhat metabolic products are formed from pyruvate in each case: a) anaerobic conditions in the body b) anaerobic conditions in yeast c) aerobic conditionsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemical Tests-Part 1; Author: Southern Stacker;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-i9vANfQWQ;License: Standard Youtube License