Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The correct reason should be determined for the given statement; does a single base-pair substitution in a strand of DNA always result in a new amino acids in the protein coded for by that gene.
Concept Introduction:
A base is nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound which is found in DNA and RNA.
Gene is the biological unit of heredity which holds the information to build and maintain their cells and pass genetic traits to offspring. In cells, a gene is a portion of DNA.
Amino acids are the molecules which containing an
Amino acids are the basic structural building units of protein and other
Central dogma in molecular biology is,
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- If the following nucleotide sequence, CTC/TGT/AAG/ACC/TTT experienced a mutation resulting in the deletion of the second cytosine in the first DNA triplet so the sequence is now CT_/TGT/AAG/ACC/TTT, what would be the amino acid sequence created from this mutated DNA strand? Table of mRNA codons UUA, UUG = leucine AGG, AGA = arginine %3D CAU, CAC = histidine GUU, GÜC, GUA = valine GAA. GAG=glutamic acid GCU, GUA, GUG = alanine GAU, GAC = asparagine GGU, GGC, GGA = glycine UCA, UCU =serine CGU, CGC, CGA = argininearrow_forwardIs it possible to have a mutation in nucleotide four that would produce the same amino acid? If yes provide an example.arrow_forwardA gene contains 141 codons. How many nucleotides are present in the gene’s coding sequence? How many amino acids are expected to be present in the polypeptide encoded by this gene?arrow_forward
- What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from themiddle of the coding sequence of a gene?arrow_forwardThe genetic code uses three bases to encode one amino acid. Why can't the code use only two bases to encode each amino acid?arrow_forwardIn eukaryotic cells, the length of the transcribed RNA is almost equal to the corresponding DNA strand. True or false?arrow_forward
- The amino acid glycine is encoded by four codons: GGA, GGC, GGG, and GGU. Which of the following statements correctly explains this fact? The glycine anticodon contains the sequence CC, but the 5' base of the anticodon can pair nonspecifically with the 3' base of the codon. The glycine anticodon contains the sequence CC, but the 3' base of the anticodon can pair nonspecifically with the 5' base of the codon. Glycine tRNA has four anticodons, and the appropriate anticodon specifically pairs with the correct codon. There are four tRNAs for glycine, each of which has an anticodon that specifically pairs with the correct codon. all of the abovearrow_forwardA DNA sequence can be represented as a string of the letters ACTG (short for adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine). (a) How many DNA sequences are exactly 24 letters long? (b) Given a DNA sequence of length 24, how many single letter mutations are possible? (c) Given a DNA sequence of length 24, how many double letter mutations are possible?arrow_forwardHow important and useful to the cell is the ability of the DNA to assume various forms? Why are these various forms necessary?arrow_forward
- What three different types of mutations involve changes in a single base, and what effect can each of them have on a coding sequence? Which type is the most common? Which type has the most severe effect on the function of the encoded protein?arrow_forwardOne common type of non-homologous end joining, to repair a double stranded break, occurs when enzymes cut out a few nucleotides around the break, and then fuse the ends back together true or false?arrow_forwardIf the gene undergoing protein synthesis consists of 24 bases, how many codons does that result in? How many amino acids will the protein consist of?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning