Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText - Access Card Package (10th Edition) (New A&P Titles by Ric Martini and Judi Nath)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321908599
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 4RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The glomerular filtration is the initial step in the production of urine. It is the process by which the excess body fluid and waste from the blood is eliminated from the body.
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A 37-year-old man has hypertension caused by aldosterone-secreting neoplasm. Which of the following is the likely effect on renal function?
A) Decreased reabsorption of phosphate by distal tubule
(B). Decreased secretion of H+ by collecting duct by collecting duct
(C) Decreased secretion of K+ by collecting duct
(D) Increased reabsorption of Na+ by the collecting duct
(E) Increased reabsorption of Na+ by the proximal tubule
Identify all of the following that are functions of the kidney: (a) maintain blood pH; (b) regulate blood ion concentrations; (c) regulate blood volume and blood pressure; (d) eliminate wastes, some hormones, and certain drugs from the blood; (e) release renin; (f) release erythropoietin; and (g) stimulate the final step in calcitriol formation.
This diagram illustrates which of the following
Choose from the following:
(A) secretion of hydrogen via Na+/H+ exchange ions by the proximal convoluted tubule
(B) reabsorption of bicarbonate ions by intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct
(C) secretion of H+ by H+K+/ATPase pumps in the intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct
(D) A and B
(E) all of the above
Chapter 26 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText - Access Card Package (10th Edition) (New A&P Titles by Ric Martini and Judi Nath)
Ch. 26 - Prob. 1CPCh. 26 - Prob. 2CPCh. 26 - Prob. 3CPCh. 26 - Prob. 4CPCh. 26 - Prob. 5CPCh. 26 - Damage to which part of a nephron would interfere...Ch. 26 - Prob. 7CPCh. 26 - Prob. 9CPCh. 26 - List the factors that influence net filtration...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11CP
Ch. 26 - Prob. 12CPCh. 26 - Prob. 8CPCh. 26 - Prob. 13CPCh. 26 - Prob. 14CPCh. 26 - Prob. 16CPCh. 26 - Prob. 15CPCh. 26 - What effect would a high-protein diet have on the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 18CPCh. 26 - Prob. 19CPCh. 26 - Prob. 20CPCh. 26 - Define nephrolithiasis.Ch. 26 - Prob. 22CPCh. 26 - Prob. 23CPCh. 26 - Prob. 24CPCh. 26 - Prob. 1RQCh. 26 - The basic functional unit of the kidney is the (a)...Ch. 26 - The process of urine formation involves all of the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 4RQCh. 26 - The distal convoluted tubule is an important site...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6RQCh. 26 - Prob. 7RQCh. 26 - Prob. 8RQCh. 26 - Trace the pathway of the protein-free filtrate...Ch. 26 - Prob. 10RQCh. 26 - Prob. 11RQCh. 26 - Prob. 12RQCh. 26 - Prob. 13RQCh. 26 - What are the primary effects of angiotensin II on...Ch. 26 - Prob. 15RQCh. 26 - When the renal threshold for a substance exceeds...Ch. 26 - Prob. 17RQCh. 26 - Prob. 18RQCh. 26 - When ADH levels rise, (a) the amount of water...Ch. 26 - The control of blood pH by the kidneys during...Ch. 26 - Prob. 21RQCh. 26 - Prob. 22RQCh. 26 - Prob. 23RQCh. 26 - Prob. 24RQCh. 26 - Prob. 25RQCh. 26 - Prob. 26RQCh. 26 - In response to excess water in the body, (a)...Ch. 26 - Prob. 28RQCh. 26 - Prob. 29RQCh. 26 - What effect would drinking a solution of mannitol...Ch. 26 - The drug Diamox is sometimes used to treat...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26 - What will likely happen to the glomerular...
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- The process of hydrogen ion secretion in the proximal convoluted tubule occurs via which of the following mechanisms? Choose from the following: (A) hydrogen ions diffuse out of the glomerular filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule, through extracellular fluid and into the peritubular blood (B) carbon dioxide diffuses into the proximal convoluted tubule cell from peritubular capillary blood; undergoes a chemical reaction to form carbonic acid; dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions; the hydrogen ion diffuses into the glomerular filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule (C) hydrogen ions diffuse out of the peritubular capillary blood, through extracellular fluid and into the filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule (D) carbon dioxide diffuses into the proximal convoluted tubule cell from the glomerular filtrate; undergoes a chemical reacdtion to form carbonic acid; dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions; the hydrogen ions diffuse into the peritubular bloodarrow_forwardThese red dots characterize cells which are components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus. The red dots are formed of Choose from the following: (A) renin (B) prostaglandins (C) erythropoitin (D) angiotensin I (E) angiotensin IIarrow_forwardThe glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it Question options: a) is impermeable to most substances c) has a blood pressure much higher than other capillaries e) has a basement membranearrow_forward
- Indicate whether the following statements are true or false :(a) Micturition is carried out by a reflex.(b) ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.(c) Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.(d) Henle’s loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.(e) Glucose is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.arrow_forwardThe urinary system regulates blood volume and pressure by : (a) adjusting the volume of water lost in the urine. (b) releasing erythropoietin. (c) releasing renin. (d) a, b, and c are correct.arrow_forwardDuring the maximal water diuresis, the ratio of the tubular fluid to plasma osmolarity is greater than 1.0 in which of the following? (A) The bend of the loop of Henle (B). Bowman Space (C) The collecting duct (D) The distal renal tubule (E) The proximal convoluted renal tubulearrow_forward
- The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in A) urine production by signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH. B) glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate. C) NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with 4ocal chemical messengers. D) systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-borne hormones.arrow_forwardTubular transport maximum (Tm) is (a) the maximum rate at which a substance in the filtrate can be reabsorbed into the blood from the renal tubules (b) the most rapid rate at which urine can be transported through the ureter (c) the maximum rate at which a substance can be reabsorbed by theglomerulus (d) the maximum rate at which a substance can pass through the loop of Henle (e) the maximum amount of a substance that can be secreted into the filtratearrow_forwardSome kidney cells produce (a) antidiuretic hormone, (b) erythropoietin, (c) mineralocorticoids, (d) ANP.arrow_forward
- The primary purpose of the collecting system is to (a) transport urine from the bladder to the urethra. (b) selectively reabsorb sodium ions from tubular fluid. (c) transport urine from the renal pelvis to the ureters. (d) make final adjustments to the osmotic concentration and volume of urine.arrow_forward) The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in a.) A) urine production by signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH. b.) glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate. c.) Nacl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with local chemical messengers. d.) systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-borne hormones.arrow_forwardThe structures marked by the white asterisk are identified as which of the following? Choose from the following: (A) thin segments of the nephron loop (B) vasa recta (C) glomerular capillaries (D) cortical peritubular capillariesarrow_forward
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