Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText - Access Card Package (10th Edition) (New A&P Titles by Ric Martini and Judi Nath)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321908599
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 26RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys per minute. It functions to maintain the normal pH, volume and composition of the blood. The GFR is regulated by several factors.
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Tubular transport maximum (Tm) is (a) the maximum rate at which a substance in the filtrate can be reabsorbed into the blood from the renal tubules (b) the most rapid rate at which urine can be transported through the ureter (c) the maximum rate at which a substance can be reabsorbed by theglomerulus (d) the maximum rate at which a substance can pass through the loop of Henle (e) the maximum amount of a substance that can be secreted into the filtrate
The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by all of the following except (A) active transport of salt from the upper region of the ascending limb. (B) the spatial arrangement of juxtamedullary nephrons. (C) diffusion of urea from the collecting duct. (D) diffusion of salt from the descending limb of the loop of Henle.
A 37-year-old man has hypertension caused by aldosterone-secreting neoplasm. Which of the following is the likely effect on renal function?
A) Decreased reabsorption of phosphate by distal tubule
(B). Decreased secretion of H+ by collecting duct by collecting duct
(C) Decreased secretion of K+ by collecting duct
(D) Increased reabsorption of Na+ by the collecting duct
(E) Increased reabsorption of Na+ by the proximal tubule
Chapter 26 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText - Access Card Package (10th Edition) (New A&P Titles by Ric Martini and Judi Nath)
Ch. 26 - Prob. 1CPCh. 26 - Prob. 2CPCh. 26 - Prob. 3CPCh. 26 - Prob. 4CPCh. 26 - Prob. 5CPCh. 26 - Damage to which part of a nephron would interfere...Ch. 26 - Prob. 7CPCh. 26 - Prob. 9CPCh. 26 - List the factors that influence net filtration...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11CP
Ch. 26 - Prob. 12CPCh. 26 - Prob. 8CPCh. 26 - Prob. 13CPCh. 26 - Prob. 14CPCh. 26 - Prob. 16CPCh. 26 - Prob. 15CPCh. 26 - What effect would a high-protein diet have on the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 18CPCh. 26 - Prob. 19CPCh. 26 - Prob. 20CPCh. 26 - Define nephrolithiasis.Ch. 26 - Prob. 22CPCh. 26 - Prob. 23CPCh. 26 - Prob. 24CPCh. 26 - Prob. 1RQCh. 26 - The basic functional unit of the kidney is the (a)...Ch. 26 - The process of urine formation involves all of the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 4RQCh. 26 - The distal convoluted tubule is an important site...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6RQCh. 26 - Prob. 7RQCh. 26 - Prob. 8RQCh. 26 - Trace the pathway of the protein-free filtrate...Ch. 26 - Prob. 10RQCh. 26 - Prob. 11RQCh. 26 - Prob. 12RQCh. 26 - Prob. 13RQCh. 26 - What are the primary effects of angiotensin II on...Ch. 26 - Prob. 15RQCh. 26 - When the renal threshold for a substance exceeds...Ch. 26 - Prob. 17RQCh. 26 - Prob. 18RQCh. 26 - When ADH levels rise, (a) the amount of water...Ch. 26 - The control of blood pH by the kidneys during...Ch. 26 - Prob. 21RQCh. 26 - Prob. 22RQCh. 26 - Prob. 23RQCh. 26 - Prob. 24RQCh. 26 - Prob. 25RQCh. 26 - Prob. 26RQCh. 26 - In response to excess water in the body, (a)...Ch. 26 - Prob. 28RQCh. 26 - Prob. 29RQCh. 26 - What effect would drinking a solution of mannitol...Ch. 26 - The drug Diamox is sometimes used to treat...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26 - What will likely happen to the glomerular...
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- This vessel (black arrow) is found Choose from the following: (A) in the medullary rays (B) within the renal columns (C) at the junction of the renal pyramids and the renal cortex (D) within the renal cortex (E) within the sinus of the kidneyarrow_forwardThe balance of solute and water reabsorption in the renal medulla is maintained by the, (a) segmental arterioles and veins. (b) interlobar arteries and veins. (c) vasa recta. (d) arcuate arteries.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false regarding the filtration that takes place in the kidneys? a) About 20% of the total plasma volume is filtered into the lumen of Bowman's capsule. b) Glomerular filtration rate (GFR): indicates how fast blood plasma is filtered through the glomeruli of the kidney c) It is primarily the systemic blood pressure that determines how much urine you produce. d) The filtrate consists of water, smaller molecules and ions that can cross the filter barrierarrow_forward
- Regarding the glomerulus: A) Intracapsular pressure and colloid osmotic pressure act to hold serum in the glomerulus B) Only glomerular capillary pressure and net hydrostatic pressure push serum out of the glomerulus and intracapsular pressure and colloid osmotic pressure act to hold serum in the glomerulus C) Glomerular capillary pressure and net hydrostatic pressure push serum out of the glomerulus D) All of these answers are correct E) The net filtration pressure is normally 10mmHgarrow_forwardWhich of the following structures listed is not found in the renal corpuscles? (a) Bowman’s capsule, (b) podocytes, (c) the filtration membrane, (d) the proximal convoluted tubule.arrow_forwardWhich step(s) in the process of urine formation occur in the renal tubule? A) Filtration, secretion, and reabsorption B) Reabsorption only C) Secretion only D) Secretion and reabsorption only E) Filtration onlyarrow_forward
- The process of hydrogen ion secretion in the proximal convoluted tubule occurs via which of the following mechanisms? Choose from the following: (A) hydrogen ions diffuse out of the glomerular filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule, through extracellular fluid and into the peritubular blood (B) carbon dioxide diffuses into the proximal convoluted tubule cell from peritubular capillary blood; undergoes a chemical reaction to form carbonic acid; dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions; the hydrogen ion diffuses into the glomerular filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule (C) hydrogen ions diffuse out of the peritubular capillary blood, through extracellular fluid and into the filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule (D) carbon dioxide diffuses into the proximal convoluted tubule cell from the glomerular filtrate; undergoes a chemical reacdtion to form carbonic acid; dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions; the hydrogen ions diffuse into the peritubular bloodarrow_forwardWhich of the following results in filtration? 1) hydrostatic pressure in the peritubular capillaries 2) hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus 3) colloid osmotic pressure in the glomerulus 4) colloid osmotic pressure in the peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardWhich of the following structures occurs exclusively in the renal cortex? (a) renal columns, (b) collecting ducts, (c) segmental arteries, (d) renal pelvis.arrow_forward
- Which of the following would accompany a loss of kidney function: (a) accumulation of wastes, (b) anemia, (c) changes in blood pressure, or (d) acid-base imbalance?arrow_forwardIdentify the structures of the kidney in the following diagram: (a) ___________b) ____________(c) ______________ (d) ______________(e) ______________ (f) ______________(g) ______________ (h) ______________(i) ______________ (j) _________(k) _____________ (l) ______________(m) ______________arrow_forwardIndicate whether the following statements are true or false :(a) Micturition is carried out by a reflex.(b) ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.(c) Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.(d) Henle’s loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.(e) Glucose is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.arrow_forward
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