Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 25.3, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The problem from a health standpoint in case all bacteria from a human gut are eliminated.
Introduction:
The microbes are found in various kinds of surroundings. Among them, some bacteria are helpful and some are harmful. The human gut mucosa contains a huge number of bacteria, which are an important component of gut ecosystem. These form a part of the normal microbiota of the body. This normal microbiota provides various benefits to the body, such as microbial antagonism, nutritional benefits, and others.
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Many pathogenic bacteria are unable to make some of the metabolic compounds needed for growth and have instead evolved enzymes that enable the bacteria to actually invade human body cells. What do these bacteria expect to accomplish by this practice?
Bacteria in the small intestine:
A) All these answers are correct
B) None of these answers are correct
C) Produce a B vitamin
D) Produce vitamin K
E) Break down complex carbohydrates
Explain how E.coli helps in human digestion.
Please include following points:
Mutualistic relationship with its host organism
Both gain benefits
Helps the host with absorption of Vitamin K
Host provides a safe environment to E.coli
Helps the digestion process and food breakdown
E.coli obtains food from host organism
Chapter 25 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- The MPN mostly looks to grow E. coli as the indicator species of fecal contamination. Most E. coli is not pathogenic, and you can get many more harmful things like viruses from fecal contamination. Why is E. coli the only thing we look for in the lab to determine whether water is contaminated with fecal matter? (like why not look for the viruses?)arrow_forwardIf coliform bacteria are native to human colons, why the big concern over coliform contamination?arrow_forwardWhy has it been so difficult to associate human disease, orhealth, with changes in the gut microbial community?arrow_forward
- Cytochrome P450s are located in: 1) bile duct 2) kidney nephrons 3) liverarrow_forwardWhen can E. coli become potentially pathogenic (disease-causing)?arrow_forward9) The sum of all chemical reactions in your body defines: a) anabolism b) metabolism c) catabolism d) Cellular Respiration e) Biosynthesis10) If in a bacterial growth medium waste product accumulates than the bacterial growth stage will be called: a) Death b) Convalescence c) Lag phase d) Log e) Stationaryarrow_forward
- If all prokaryotes were eliminated from the planeta) animals would thrive because there would be no disease.b) archaea would thrive because there would be no competition for nutrients.c) all animals would die.d) animals and archaea would thrive.arrow_forward21) a decrease in cell mass, reduction, is observed when which of the following conditions are met. a) abundant energy b) abundant amino acids c)growth factors d) all of these e)none of thesearrow_forwardA) Filter-feeder B) Incomplete digestion C) Food vacuoles D) Extracellular digestion E) Substrate feeder 11. Organisms that have one opening for both entry of food and exit of undigested food. 12. Vacuole which contains foreign substances that fuses with lysosome which is involved with cellular digestion. 13. Clams suck in water to strain small organisms and dissolved nutrients found in water. 14. Larvae that thrive on the source of its food such as fly larvae staying on meat surface. 15. Mushrooms excrete enzymes within its surrounding where digestive cells and nutrients are transferred back through body fluid.arrow_forward
- Why do pathogenic bacteria make enzymes? Name one enzyme that affects blood clotting (or clots) and one enzyme that affects cells or tissues. Explain in each case why the enzyme is important (useful) to the pathogen.arrow_forwarda) bacteria are “obligate anaerobes.” What does this mean? On Earth, where might these organisms live? (Give examples.) b) Humans (and most Eukaryotic organisms) are obligate aerobes. What does this mean? On Earth, where might these organisms live? (Give examples.)arrow_forwardWhich of the following BEST describes an agent that is bacteriostatic? A) It suspends bacterial synthesis of Tranexamic Acid. B) It kills the bacteria by destroying its cell wall. C) It zaps the bacteria with static electricity. D) It suspends bacterial growth.arrow_forward
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