Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 25.5CC
What do you think would happen to a pathogenic (disease-causing) bacterial population in which some of the bacteria contain an R factor plasmid in a region in which antibiotics are heavily used to treat routine human infections?
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Students have asked these similar questions
A) A bacterium that has an F plasmid is able to do which of the following?
Group of answer choices
resist antibiotics
survive in very harsh environments such as hypersaline lakes
grow a cell wall
form conjugation tubes and pass on their DNA to other bacteria
reproduce sexually
B)
horizontal gene transfer refers to bacteria's ability to
Group of answer choices
make peptidoglycan for their cell walls
transfer DNA to offspring, or "daughter" cells
transfer DNA only when on horizontal surfaces, such as a table top
transfer pieces of DNA to other cells in the population
engage in mutualisms with certain species
In order to determine the genetic material of a T2 phage, Alfred Hershey and
Martha Chase conducted experiments using T2 phages that infected bacteria. In
one treatment, they grew phages with radioactive sulfur. In another treatment,
they grew phages with radioactive phosphorous. They allowed both types of
phages to infect bacterial cells. After infection, they found that only bacteria
infected with phages grown with radioactive phosphorous showed any
radioactivity. Why did they use radioactive sulfur and phosphorous for this
experiment? *
O Sulfur is part of the DNA molecule but not part of a protein molecule.
Sulfur and phosphorous are some of the most reactive molecules and are easily
traced.
Sulfur and phosphorous are able to survive the centrifuge, a crucial component of the
experiment.
O Phosphorous is part of the DNA molecule but not part of a protein molecule.
Why do bacteria that are not genetically resistant to antibiotics die out when exposed to antibiotics?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 25 - Cloning can be done by somatic cell nuclear...Ch. 25 - If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.3CCCh. 25 - Prob. 1QCh. 25 - Prob. 25.4CCCh. 25 - What do you think would happen to a pathogenic...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.6CCCh. 25 - The Truth About Sex. For each of the following...Ch. 25 - Ordering the Phases of Meiosis. Drawings of...Ch. 25 - Telling Them Apart. Briefly describe how you might...
Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.4PSCh. 25 - More about DNA. Let X be the amount of DNA present...Ch. 25 - Meiotic Mistakes. Infants born with Patau syndrome...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.7PSCh. 25 - QUANTITATIVE Punnett Squares as Genetic Tools. The...Ch. 25 - QUANTITATIVE Genetic Mapping. The following table...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.10PSCh. 25 - Prob. 25.11PS
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- Antibiotic resistance genes are often found on R plasmids (see Natural Gene Transfer and Antibiotic Resistance). A likely source of the R plasmids is bacteria that produce the antibiotic. Why would some bacteria produce antibiotics (chemicals that kill bacteria) and why would they carry R plasmids?arrow_forwardIf we were to examine a strain with the F plasmid inserted into the same site of the bacterial chromosome, but in the reverse orientation: a) What would the order of gene transfer be? Include all of the genetic markers including the amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism genes and streptomycin resistance. b) What cell types would be able to grow on the NA vs ECM media types? Be sure to include the genotypes of the cells that would grow. Remember that NA provides all nutrients the bacteria needs + no antibiotic and HCM = minimal medium + glucose + has streptomycin antibiotic c) Would we still be able to perform our mapping? Why or why not? (Hint: refer to part b above)arrow_forwardWhich of the statements is TRUE about conjugation? a) Plasmid DNA is transferred from a donor (F+) cell b) It may only be performed by competent cells c) DNA is always integrated into recipient chromosome d) It may be specialized or generalizedarrow_forward
- You are studying a type of bacteria isolated from the acidic water runoff of a mining operation. You subject two batches of the same bacteria type to different environmental growth conditions. One batch is grown at pH 2, while the other is grown at pH 7. All other environmental parameters are kept identical between the two batches. You then collect their proteins and run a Western blot using an antibody that binds to a proton efflux pump protein (which actively expends energy to pump protons out of a cell). How would you characterize the information obtained in this experiment? What does it tell you, and why is that potentially valuable information?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a mechanism by which plasmids inerease the possibility of being present in the new generation of cells? A) O They can be present at a high number so that some copies will end up in each new cell after cell division. B) O They encode traits such as antibiotic resistance that are required for growth in some environments. C) O They cause the cell to replicate much more rapidly than cells that do not have plasmids. D) O They may carry host survival genes and self-preservation genes.arrow_forwardwhat are the plasmid status of bacterial cells resulting from conjugation between a f+ and a f- bacterium ? * a-Two F+ bacteria b-Two F- bacteria c-The F+ bacterium become F- and the F- bacterium become F+ d- The F+ bacterium remain as F+ , and the F- bacterium remain as F-arrow_forward
- The discovery and mass-production of antibiotics has triggered a revolution in medicine, decreasing hospitalization times, shortening the course of diseases, and ultimately increasing peoples' lifespans. However, soon after the first major antibiotic, penicillin, was put into widespread use around 1940, people soon found that some bacteria were tougher to kill, which were the first signs of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Over the years bacteria have been able to develop resistance against many different types of antibiotics, and some bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant to almost every antibiotic in use today. Antibiotic resistance has become so severe that in 2014 the World Health Organization published a report that speculated of a "post-antibiotic era" where antibiotics were no longer a main method of disease treatment. In this week's forum, please read summary of the World Health Organization's report (linked here and in the…arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true about a vector?a) Plasmids, phages can be used as vectorsb) All vectors are plasmidsc) Cyanobacteria can also be used as vectorsd) Fungi can also be used as vectorsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about plasmids?a) They are present in all organismsb) They are present in bacteria onlyc) They are present in bacteria and phagesd) They are present in plants and animalsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements best explains why there are fewer colonies on plate IV than on plate III? (a) Plate IV is the positive control. (b) Not all bacterial cells were successfully transformed. (c) The bacteria on plate III did not mutate. (d) The plasmid inhibited bacterial growth. (e) Plate IV is the negative control.arrow_forwardThe presence of colonies on the bacterial plate post transformation suggests which of the following? Group of answer choices The colonies contain the transformed plasmid and are not resistant to the antibiotic The colonies contain the transformed plasmid and are resistant to the antibiotic The colonies do not contain the transformed plasmid and are not resistant to the antibiotic The colonies do not contain the transformed plasmid and are resistant to the antibioticarrow_forwardWhat do you mean by vector plasmid?arrow_forward
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