Anatomy and Physiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260256000
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 24, Problem 7WWTS
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The inflow of sodium (Na+) ions in the plasma membrane through the membrane channel regulates the depolarization of the nervous and muscular system and their function. It is the main cation present in the extracellular fluid (ECF) and associated with regulation of blood plasma osmolarity. The increased concentration of sodium raises the osmolarity of the blood. Also, it regulates the level and distribution of total body water among several fluid compartments. Gradients of Na+ ions across the cell generate potential energy that helps to transport other solutes. Also, it regulates body heat and pH of the ECF.
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Anatomy and Physiology
Ch. 24.1 - List five routes of water loss. Which one accounts...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 24.1 - Summarize the effect of ADH on total body water...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 24.1 - What it means to be in a state of fluid balanceCh. 24.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 5AYLO
Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 24.2 - Functions of electrolytes in general: the body's...Ch. 24.2 - Physiological function of sodium; how it is...Ch. 24.2 - Physiological functions of potassium; how it is...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 24.3 - How the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 24.3 - How the renal tubule secretes acid; why urine is...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 24.3 - The difference between compensated and...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 24 - The greatest percentage of the bodys water is in...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 24 - increases water reabsorption without increasing...Ch. 24 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 24 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 24 - The principal determinant of intracellular...Ch. 24 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 24 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 24 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 24 - Hyperchloremia is most likely to result in a....Ch. 24 - The most abundant cation in the ECF is __________.Ch. 24 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 24 - Water produced by the bodys chemical reactions is...Ch. 24 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 24 - Any abnormal accumulation of fluid in a particular...Ch. 24 - An excessive concentration of potassium ions in...Ch. 24 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 24 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 24 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 24 - Long-term satiation of thirst depends on a...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 24 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 24 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 24 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 24 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 24 - para-Ch. 24 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 24 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 24 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 24 - vol-Ch. 24 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 24 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 24 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 24 - The phosphate level in the ECF is very crucial to...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5WWTSCh. 24 - Prob. 6WWTSCh. 24 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 24 - Prob. 8WWTSCh. 24 - In true dehydration, the body fluids remain...Ch. 24 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 24 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 24 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 24 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 24 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 24 - Prob. 5TYC
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardFatty tissue holds the kidneys in place. Extremely rapid weight loss may cause this tissue to shrink so that the kidneys slip from their normal position. On rare occasions, the slippage can put a kink in one or both ureters and block urine flow. Suggest what might then happen to the kidneys.arrow_forwardAs the text noted, two-thirds of the water and solutes that the body reclaims by reabsorption in nephrons occurs in the proximal tubule. Proximal tubule cells have large numbers of mitochondria and demand a great deal of oxygen. Explain why.arrow_forward
- Figure 41.6 Which of the following statements about the nephron is false? The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule. The Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerulus. The loop of Henle is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle empties into the distal convoluted tubule.arrow_forwardThe afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forward
- Figure 41.8 Loop diuretics are drugs sometimes used to treat hypertension. These drugs inhibit the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. A side effect is that they increase urination. Why do you think this is the case?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of autoregulation of kidney function? a. The RAAS regulates Na1 by secreting renin when blood pressure or blood volume decreases. b. The ADH system regulates water balance by decreasing water reabsorption and increasing excretion of salt. c. Receptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus detect a higher salt concentration in the distal convoluted tubule and trigger constriction of the afferent arteriole to reduce glomerular filtration rate. d. ANF is released by the kidney to increase renin release. e. Angiotensin II lowers blood pressure by constricting arterioles.arrow_forward
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