Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042282
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 33P
The deuterium kinetic isotope effect (KH2O/KD2O) for the hydrolysis of aspirin is 2.2. What does this tell you about the kind of catalysis exerted by the ortho-carboxyl substituent? (Hint: It is easier to break an O — H bond than an O — D bond.)
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The deuterium kinetic isotope effect (kH2O/kD2O) for the hydrolysis of aspirin is 2.2. What does this tell you about the kind of catalysis exerted by the ortho-carboxyl substituent? (Hint: It is easier to break an O¬H bond than an O¬D bond.)
Hydrogen peroxide is not only an antiseptic but also an oxidizing agent. The following equation shows the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with acetaldehyde to give acetic acid:
C2H4O(l) + H2O2(l) → C2H4O2(l) + H2O(l)
In this reaction, which species is oxidized and which species is reduced? Which species is the oxidizing agent and which species is the reducing agent?
PAP Chemistry-2903012-42100P-1/ Le Chatelier's Principle/ Lesson 128
2. Zinc (Zn) granules react slowly with dilute hydrochloric acid (HCI), but much faster if the acid is concentrated.
Zn(s)
2HCI(aq)ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Zinc + Hydrochloric Acid Zinc Chloride + Hydrogen
What causes the reaction to proceed faster with concentrated acid?
The concentrated hydrochloric acid causes more hydrogen gas to be produced.
The pressure of hydrogen gas molecules increases as concentration increases.
The concentrated hydrochloric acid molecules move faster than in dilute acid.
There are more collisions between the zinc and concentrated hydrochloric acid.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 22.2 - Compare each of the mechanisms listed here with...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 3PCh. 22.2 - Prob. 4PCh. 22.3 - a. Draw the mechanism for the following reaction...Ch. 22.5 - Prob. 7PCh. 22.5 - Propose a mechanism for the Co2+ catalyzed...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 9PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 10PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 13P
Ch. 22.9 - Which of the following amino acid side chains can...Ch. 22.9 - Which of the following C-terminal peptide bonds is...Ch. 22.9 - Carboxypeptidase A has esterase activity as well...Ch. 22.10 - Arginine and lysine side chains fit into trypsins...Ch. 22.10 - Explain why serine proteases do not catalyze...Ch. 22.11 - If H2 18O is used in the hydrolysis reaction...Ch. 22.11 - Draw the pH-activity profile for an enzyme that...Ch. 22.12 - The pHactivity profile for glucose-6-phosphate...Ch. 22.12 - Prob. 23PCh. 22.13 - Draw the mechanism for the hydroxide ion-catalyzed...Ch. 22.13 - What advantage does the enzyme gain by forming an...Ch. 22.13 - Prob. 26PCh. 22.13 - Prob. 27PCh. 22.13 - Aldolase shows no activity if it is incubated with...Ch. 22 - Which of the following parameters would be...Ch. 22 - Prob. 29PCh. 22 - Prob. 30PCh. 22 - Prob. 31PCh. 22 - Indicate the type of catalysis that is occurring...Ch. 22 - The deuterium kinetic isotope effect (KH2O/KD2O)...Ch. 22 - Prob. 34PCh. 22 - Co2+ catalyzes the hydrolysis of the lactam shown...Ch. 22 - there are two kinds of aldolases. Class I...Ch. 22 - Prob. 37PCh. 22 - The hydrolysis of the ester shown here is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 39PCh. 22 - At pH = 12, the rate of hydrolysis of ester A is...Ch. 22 - 2-Acetoxycyclohexyl tosylate reacts with acetate...Ch. 22 - Proof that an imine was formed between aldolase...Ch. 22 - Prob. 43PCh. 22 - a. Explain why the alkyl halide shown here reacts...Ch. 22 - Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) catalyzes the...
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- Write an equation for the reaction of chloroacetic acid (Ka=1.5103) with trimethylamine (Kb=5.9105) . Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction. If 0.10 M solutions of these two species are mixed, what will be their concentrations at equilibrium?arrow_forward4. Using structures for all species, write the complete esterification reaction begun below: HSO, methanol (CH3OH) + salicylic acidarrow_forwardWhy does the dehydration of an alcohol more often use concentrated sulfuric acid, H2SO4H2SO4, as the acid catalyst rather than dilute hydrochloric acid, HCl? Select one or more: Hydrochloric acid is too small to effectively react with the alcohol in the reaction. The additional water solvent from a dilute solution could reverse the dehydration reaction. Only acids with more than one proton can complete the dehydration reaction. The presence of the chloride ion could result in a competing substitution reaction.arrow_forward
- Write the IUPAC name of the compound produced by this reaction: O + B₁₂ 1.arrow_forwardMethyl benzoate can be synthesized by a Fisher Esterification reaction, and then this ester can be used as a starting material in the grignard synthesis of triphenyl carbinol. Suppose that in the synthesis of methyl benzoate, a student started with 12 grams of benzoic acid and 29.86 ml of methanol. After finishing the preparation of the ester, 7.63 grams of methylbenzoate was obtained, and the benzoic acid reacted completely. What is the percent yield of the ester? ( density methanol = 0.791 g/ml, methanol = 32.04 g/mol, methyl benzoate = 136.15 g/mol, benzoic acid = 122.12 g/mol )arrow_forwardEnumerate the uses of esters in pharmacy. What is the purpose of adding concentrated sulfuric acid and heating the mixture? What was the purpose of sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride solutions in the synthesis of esters?arrow_forward
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