Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.7, Problem 18CYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
The three ways by which CO2(carbon dioxide) is transported in the blood.
Introduction:
The body cells thatare in an active state produce around 200 ml (milliliters) of CO2 per minute. This needs to be removed from the body through expiration. The CO2 is transported from the tissues to the lungs by the blood. This transportation is carried out by three processes.
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2) Consider the following diagram depicting CO2 transport from the tissues into the red blood cell (RBC).
e) What factors drive bicarbonate extrusion in this system?
c) In your own words, describe how bicarbonate ion is produced in the RBC.
Arrange the following in the ascending ( small to large) order of the percentage of dissolving CO2.
1 plasma
2 hemoglobin
3 cytoplasm of RBC
a) 2,3,1
b)1,3,2,
c)2,1,3
d)3,2,1
e)1,2,3
f) 3,1,2
Which of the following are TRUE, when describing the Transport of CO2 in the
body?
Select ALL that are true.
The diffusion of CO2, from metabolically active tissue, into the plasma and the
Red Blood Cell, is enhanced by the formation of Carbamino Bonds with plasma
proteins and Haemoglobin.
CO2 diffuses from metabolically active tissue, into the plasma, where it is
rapidly converted to bicarbonate (HCO3-) by he enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase.
Bicarbonate (HCO3-), formed in the Red Blood Cell, is transported into the
Plasma by the Chloride-Bicarbonate Shuttle.
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) diffuses from metabolically active tissue into the plasma,
and from the plasma into the Red Blood Cell.
CO2 diffuses from metabolically active tissue, into the plasma, and into the Red
Blood Cell, where it is rapidly converted to bicarbonate (HCO3-) by he enzyme
carbonic Anhydrase.
O At the lung, Bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the Plasma is transformed to CO2 by the
enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase, reducing the amount of…
Chapter 21 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 21.1 - Which part of the pharynx houses the pharyngeal...Ch. 21.2 - Which structure seals the larynx when we swallow?Ch. 21.2 - Which structural features of the trachea allow it...Ch. 21.2 - What features of the alveoli and their respiratory...Ch. 21.2 - A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency...Ch. 21.3 - The lungs are perfused by two different...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 8CYUCh. 21.4 - What is the driving force for pulmonary...Ch. 21.4 - What causes the intrapulmonary pressure to...
Ch. 21.4 - What causes the partial vacuum (negative pressure)...Ch. 21.4 - Premature infants often lack adequate surfactant....Ch. 21.5 - Explain why slow, deep breaths ventilate the...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 14CYUCh. 21.6 - You are given a sealed container of water and air....Ch. 21.6 - PO2 in the alveoli is about 56 mm Hg lower than in...Ch. 21.6 - Suppose a patient is receiving oxygen by mask. Are...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 18CYUCh. 21.7 - What is the relationship between CO2 and pH in the...Ch. 21.7 - The dotted lines in the two graphs below represent...Ch. 21.8 - Which brain stem respiratory area is thought to...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 21.9 - An injured soccer player arrives by ambulance in...Ch. 21.9 - Prob. 24CYUCh. 21.10 - What distinguishes the obstruction in asthma from...Ch. 21 - Cutting the phrenic nerves will result in (a) air...Ch. 21 - Which of the following laryngeal cartilages is/are...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3MCCh. 21 - The detergent-like substance that keeps the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following determines the direction of...Ch. 21 - When the inspiratory muscles contract, (a) the...Ch. 21 - The nutrient blood supply of the lungs is provided...Ch. 21 - Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following would not normally be...Ch. 21 - Most oxygen carried in the blood is (a) in...Ch. 21 - Which of the following has the greatest...Ch. 21 - In mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13MCCh. 21 - Prob. 14MCCh. 21 - Damage to which of the following would most likely...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16MCCh. 21 - Trace the route of air from the nares to an...Ch. 21 - (a) Why is it important that the trachea is...Ch. 21 - Briefly explain the anatomical reason why most men...Ch. 21 - The lungs are mostly passageways and elastic...Ch. 21 - Describe the functional relationships between...Ch. 21 - Discuss how airway resistance, lung compliance,...Ch. 21 - (a) Differentiate clearly between minute...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24SAQCh. 21 - (a) Define hyperventilation. (b) If you...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 6CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 7CCS
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