BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 21, Problem 6U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Biogeography is the study of interaction between living organisms and the geographical regions. According to Darwin, the change in the bio geographical situation gives rise to the change in the
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Researchers have found fossils of Eocene horse species in Colorado. Deeper deposits contain smaller species, and more recent deposits contain larger species. How does this observation support the theory of evolution?
A.
It provides evidence that species change over time.
B.
It does not support the theory of evolution.
C.
It shows that all species are related to each other.
D.
It proves that environments have changed over time.
E.
It suggests that species are unchanging and of recent origin.
Which of the following statements about evolution is false?a. Gene mutations alone amount to evolution. b. Genetic drift and gene flow are modern theories of evolution.c. Natural selection contributes to evolution.d. Chimpanzees evolved from a hominoid ancestor.
Of the following, which one is an example of an evolutionary explanation (as opposed to a functional explanation)?A. People evolved a fear of snakes because many snakes are dangerous.B. Humans have a (tiny) tailbone because our ancient monkey-like ancestors had a tail.C. People evolved an ability to recognize faces because that ability is essential for cooperative social behaviors.D. People evolved a tendency to form long-term male–female bonds because human infants benefit from the help of two parents during their long period of dependence.
Chapter 21 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.2 - Distinguish between demonstrating that evolution...Ch. 21.3 - Contrast the processes of artificial and natural...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 21.5 - Explain the evolutionary significance of...
Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.7 - Characterize the criticisms of evolutionary theory...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21 - Suppose that a male with a beak depth of 10 mm...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1IQCh. 21 - Prob. 2IQCh. 21 - Prob. 3IQCh. 21 - Why might the evolutionary line leading to...Ch. 21 - Artificial selection is different from natural...Ch. 21 - Gaps in the fossil record a. demonstrate our...Ch. 21 - The evolution of modern horses (Equus) is best...Ch. 21 - Homologous structures a. are structures in two or...Ch. 21 - Convergent evolution a. is an example of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6UCh. 21 - The possession of fine fur in 5-month human...Ch. 21 - In Darwins finches, a. occurrence of wet and dry...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2ACh. 21 - Convergent evolution is often seen among species...Ch. 21 - What conditions are necessary for evolution by...Ch. 21 - Explain how data shown in figure 21.2a and b...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3SCh. 21 - Refer to figure 21.5, artificial selection in the...Ch. 21 - The ancestor of horses was a small, many-toed...
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- Which of the following statement about the outcome of the evolution of a new species through hybridization is false? a.The new species may have traits that allow it to inhibit environments different from both parental species. b.The new species is always an intermediate of the two parental species c.The new species may have greater genetic diversity and greater trait diversity than the parental species. d.None of the above What are the two ways of looking into evolution in detail? a.Micro frequency change and ascent with modification b.Genotypic and phenotypic modification c.DNA frequency change and inheritance modification d.Allele frequency change and descent with modification Natural selection increases the frequencies of advantageous alleles and decreases deleterious alleles' frequencies. What are the three categories of natural selection depending on the favored traits? a.Directive, selective and native b.Indicative, normative and fixative c.Directional, stabilizing and…arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains the role mutations play in natural selection?A. Most mutations are negative and result in the extinction of the entire speciesB. Mutations may appear for one or two generations, but they usually disappear quickly.C. If the environment changes, an existing organism develops a mutation that will help them to survive.D. Some mutations give individuals an advantage in their environment, allowing them to survive and reproduce.D is my answer is it correct?arrow_forwardIn Darwin’s finches, a. occurrence of wet and dry years preserves genetic variation for beak size. b. increasing beak size over time proves that beak size is inherited. c. large beak size is always favored. d. All of the choices are correct.arrow_forward
- What is true about evolution by natural selection? a. It is a largely random process. b. Homology shows that convergence is a useful tool for deducing adaptive function. c. Mothers are invariably members of the same species as their offspring, so selection can never create new species. d. Harmful recessive genes are eliminated more rapidly than harmful dominant genes. e. None of the above is true.arrow_forwardImagine that some lizards from both islands are brought to a laboratory and lizards from each population are separately bred for a generation. The offspring resemble their parents (i.e. they look like lizards from their home island). Does this support or contradict the idea that evolution has occurred? Group of answer choices a. support because it implies that a genetic change has occurred b. contradict because the lizards were removed from the islands c. support because the phenotype matches the environment d. contradict because the environment is different in the lab e. support because it is a major change in phenotypearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not compatible with Darwin's theory? a.All organisms have arisen by descent with modification . b.Evolution has altered and diversified ancestral species. c.Evolution occurs inindividuals rather than in groups. d.Natural selection eliminates unsuccessful variations. e.Evolution occurs because some individuals function betterthan others in a particular environment.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true? A. Evolution involves a change in gene frequencies from one generation to the next B. Natural selection is the only mechanism through which animals evolve to become adapted to their environment C. Genetic drift results in evolution but not adaptation to the environment D. For natural selection to occur, differences in genetically-based traits must result in differential reproductive success E. All of the above are true A blastopore... A. Is the opening through which food enters a gastrovascular cavity B. Is an opening to the water-filled central cavity of a sponge C. Is the opening to the primitive gut that gives rise to the mouth in a deuterostome eucoelomate D. Is the open end of the archenteron that appears during gastrulation E. None of the abovearrow_forwardAlfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin argued that evolution by means of natural selection involves all of the following steps except: a. variation is present in all species b. species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain c. all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitness d. those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers e. over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individualsarrow_forwardAs a mechanism of evolution, natural selection can be most closely equated with a. random mating. b. genetic drift. c. unequal reproductive success. d. gene flow.arrow_forward
- In Darwin's theory of natural selection, which of the following is a source of evolution: a. Individuals with random mutations who die without reproducing. b. Individuals with random mutations who are able to reproduce. c. Individuals who do not vary from their progenitors. d. Intelligent and purposeful design.arrow_forwardSpecies can vary in several ways. Which of the following is one of Darwin’s ideas that was accepted by most scientists of his time due to the large number of fossils being discovered at that time? A. Species that live in seawater can also live on mountains. B. Species have specific adaptations to their local environment. C. Species vary around the world. D. Species change over long periods of time.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? A. Evolution involves a change in gene frequencies from one generation to the next B. Natural selection is the only mechanism through which animals evolve to become adapted to their environment C. Genetic drift results in evolution but not adaptation to the environment D. For natural selection to occur, differences in genetically-based traits must result in differential reproductive success E. All of the above are truearrow_forward
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