EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134296074
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: VST
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(II) Suppose that you repeatedly shake six coins in your handand drop them on the floor. Construct a table showing thenumber of microstates that correspond to each macrostate.What is the probability of obtaining (a) three heads andthree tails, and (b) six heads?
(4) When variables x, y, z are related by F(x, y, z) = 0, show the following relations, by
referencing any calculus book. For example, the variables x, y, z are p, V, T in thermodynamics:
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(b)
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дz
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(x), + ( x), (x)
y
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() () (), = -1 (Chain relation)
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Describe briefly why the following statements are wrong.
(i) "Hot cup of coffee becoming cold spontaneously is an entropy-decreasing process. So the
law of entropy increase is violated in this situation."
(ii) "Air conditioners require bulky external unit, exhausting heat to outside. With the
technology constantly advancing, external unit will be eliminated in the future."
Chapter 20 Solutions
EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 1AECh. 20.9 - Prob. 1DECh. 20 - Prob. 1QCh. 20 - Can you warm a kitchen in winter by leaving the...Ch. 20 - Would a definition of heat engine efficiency as e...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4QCh. 20 - Prob. 5QCh. 20 - The oceans contain a tremendous amount of thermal...Ch. 20 - Discuss the factors that keep real engines from...Ch. 20 - Prob. 8Q
Ch. 20 - Describe a process in nature that is nearly...Ch. 20 - (a) What happens if you remove the lid of a bottle...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11QCh. 20 - Prob. 12QCh. 20 - Give three examples, other than those mentioned in...Ch. 20 - Which do you think has the greater entropy, 1 kg...Ch. 20 - Prob. 16QCh. 20 - Prob. 17QCh. 20 - The first law of thermodynamics is sometimes...Ch. 20 - Powdered milk is very slowly (quasistatically)...Ch. 20 - Two identical systems are taken from state a to...Ch. 20 - It can he said that the total change in entropy...Ch. 20 - Prob. 22QCh. 20 - Prob. 23QCh. 20 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 1PCh. 20 - Prob. 2PCh. 20 - Prob. 3PCh. 20 - (II) A typical compact car experiences a total...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5PCh. 20 - (II) Figure 2017 is a PV diagram for a reversible...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7PCh. 20 - Prob. 8PCh. 20 - Prob. 9PCh. 20 - Prob. 10PCh. 20 - (II) (a) Show that the work done by a Carnot...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12PCh. 20 - Prob. 13PCh. 20 - Prob. 14PCh. 20 - (II) Assume that a 65 kg hiker needs 4.0 103 kcal...Ch. 20 - Prob. 16PCh. 20 - Prob. 18PCh. 20 - (III) A Carnot cycle, shown in Fig. 20-7, has the...Ch. 20 - (III) One mole of monatomic gas undergoes a Carnot...Ch. 20 - (III) In an engine that approximates the Otto...Ch. 20 - Prob. 22PCh. 20 - Prob. 23PCh. 20 - Prob. 24PCh. 20 - Prob. 25PCh. 20 - Prob. 26PCh. 20 - Prob. 27PCh. 20 - Prob. 28PCh. 20 - (II) An ideal heal pump is used to maintain the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 30PCh. 20 - Prob. 31PCh. 20 - Prob. 32PCh. 20 - Prob. 33PCh. 20 - Prob. 34PCh. 20 - Prob. 35PCh. 20 - (I) What is the change in entropy of 1.00 m3 of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 37PCh. 20 - (II) If 0.45kg f water at 100C is changed by a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 39PCh. 20 - Prob. 40PCh. 20 - Prob. 41PCh. 20 - Prob. 42PCh. 20 - Prob. 43PCh. 20 - Prob. 44PCh. 20 - Prob. 45PCh. 20 - Prob. 46PCh. 20 - Prob. 47PCh. 20 - (II) An ideal gas of n moles undergoes the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 49PCh. 20 - Prob. 50PCh. 20 - (II) Two samples of an ideal gas are initially at...Ch. 20 - (II) 1.00 mole of nitrogen (N2) gas and 1.00 mole...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Why would you expect the total entropy...Ch. 20 - (II) Thermodynamic processes are sometimes...Ch. 20 - Prob. 55PCh. 20 - (III) Consider an ideal gas of n moles with molar...Ch. 20 - (III) A general theorem states that the amount of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 58PCh. 20 - (I) Use Eq. 2014 to determine the entropy of each...Ch. 20 - (II) Suppose that you repeatedly shake six coins...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Suppose you have four coins, all with...Ch. 20 - Prob. 62PCh. 20 - Prob. 63PCh. 20 - Prob. 64PCh. 20 - Prob. 65PCh. 20 - Prob. 66PCh. 20 - Prob. 67GPCh. 20 - Prob. 68GPCh. 20 - A heat engine takes a diatomic gas around the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 70GPCh. 20 - Prob. 71GPCh. 20 - Prob. 72GPCh. 20 - The operation of a certain heat engine takes an...Ch. 20 - Prob. 74GPCh. 20 - Prob. 75GPCh. 20 - 1.00 mole of an ideal monatomic gas at STP first...Ch. 20 - Prob. 77GPCh. 20 - Prob. 78GPCh. 20 - Prob. 80GPCh. 20 - Prob. 82GPCh. 20 - The Stirling cycle shown in Fig 20-27, is useful...Ch. 20 - Prob. 84GPCh. 20 - Prob. 85GPCh. 20 - Thermodynamic processes can be represented not...Ch. 20 - An aluminum can, with negligible heat capacity, is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 88GPCh. 20 - A bowl contains a large number of red, orange, and...Ch. 20 - Prob. 90GPCh. 20 - Prob. 92GP
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- (iii) Show that the entropy of xenon would be reduced if the xenon was confined to two dimensions at a surface, i.e., a two-dimensional gas. +RIn + R h-6.626 x 1034 J s k-1.38 x 10JK I atm 101325 Nm2 NA 6.022 x 102 molarrow_forward(II) Determine the energy content of 100 g of Karen’s fudgecookies from the following measurements. A 10-g sampleof a cookie is allowed to dry before putting it in a bombcalorimeter (page 396). The aluminum bomb has a mass of0.615 kg and is placed in 2.00 kg of water contained in analuminum calorimeter cup of mass 0.524 kg. The initialtemperature of the system is 15.0°C, and its temperatureafter ignition is 36.0°Carrow_forward#1) in 2021, the tallest building in the world, the Burg khalifa, klas estimated at $1.5 billion. Suppose used to pay for an ordinary used. by 0.35 KW micro klave oven at a rate of $0.56/kw-h. this money the energy KS (e) How much energy with this $1.5 billon? to (in kJ) can be supplied (b) How long (in years) can the microwave oven be powered? please show step by step workings.arrow_forward
- (1) A thermodynamic cycle is a process, in which the system starts from initial state, goes through another state and comes back to the initial state. For the work done to the system W and heat received by the system Q, prove that W = - = -Q.arrow_forward(4) 1 mol of ideal gas (V1,T1) was expanded against vacuum, and the volume became V2. What is the entropy change?arrow_forward(1) A thermodynamic cycle is a process, in which the system starts from initial state, goes through other state(s) and comes back to the initial state. For the work W done to the system and the heat Q received by the system, prove that W = -Q.arrow_forward
- (II) 1.0 kg of water at 35°C is mixed with 1.0 kg of water at45°C in a well-insulated container. Estimate the net changein entropy of the systemarrow_forwardWhich has more entropy: (a) popcorn kernels, or the resultingpopcornarrow_forward(a) A 5.0-kg rock at a temperature of 20 °C is dropped into a shallow lake also at 20 °C from a height of 1.0 × 103 m . What is the resulting change in entropy of the universe? (b) If the temperature of the rock is 100 °C when it is dropped, what is the change of entropy of the universe? Assume that air friction is negligible (not a good assumption) and that c = 860 J/kg · K is the specific heat of the rock.arrow_forward
- (II) A 5.8-kg box having an initial speed of 4.0 m/s slidesalong a rough table and comes to rest. Estimate the totalchange in entropy of the universe. Assume all objects areat room temperature (293 K).arrow_forward(i)One kg of water at 273 K is brought into contact with a heat reservoir at 373 K. When the water has reached 373 K, find the entropy change of the water of the heat reservoir and of the universe. (ii) If water is heated from 273 K to 373 K by first bringing it in contact with a reservoir at 323 K and then with a reservoir at 373 K, what will the entropy change of the universe be ?arrow_forwardvii) Consider a case of a particles and two compartments, if m is the number of particles in one compartment and remaining n=-) particles in other compartment, then the mumber of microstates in the macrostate (n. -m) or thermodynamie probability is a) W(4.a- 4) = b) H(2, n-n)=. (s -, 4' (1 + 1, )!arrow_forward
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