After you drive for a while your tires will gain some energy via friction and heat up. If the air inside the tires absorbs 150 Joules of energy by heat, and does 100 Joules of work by expanding and lifting your car a fraction of a millimeter, what is the net change in the internal energy of the air inside the tires? (Hint: Use the first law of thermodynamics) 100 Joules 50 Joules 250 Joules 150 Joules

The second law of thermodynamics tells us that heat naturally flows from a hot object (such as molten lava, shown here flowing into the ocean in Hawaii) to a cold one (such as ocean water, which is heated by the lava to make steam). Is it ever possible for heat to flow from a cold object to a hot one? (i) Yes, no matter what the temperature difference; (ii) yes, but for only certain temperature differences; (iii) no; (iv) answer depends on the compositions of the two objects.

A pronghorn antelope can run at a remarkable 18 m/sm/s for up to 10 minutes, almost triple the speed that an elite human runner can maintain. For a 32 kgkg pronghorn, this requires an astonishing 3.4 kWkW of metabolic power, which leads to a significant increase in body temperature. If the pronghorn had no way to exhaust heat to the environment, by how much would its body temperature increase during this run? (In fact, it will lose some heat, so the rise won't be this dramatic, but it will be quite noticeable, requiring adaptations that keep the pronghorn's brain cooler than its body in such circumstances.) Assume the efficiency of the pronghorn to be equal to that of human.