The variation with temperature of the viscosity of air is correlated well by the empirical Sutherland equation
Best-fit values of b and S are given in Appendix A for use with SI units. Use these values to develop an equation for calculating air viscosity in British Gravitational units as a function of absolute temperature in degrees Rankine. Check your result using data from Appendix A.
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Fox and McDonald's Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
- The property of a fluid called viscosity is related to its internal friction and resistance to being deformed. The viscosity of water, for instance, is less than that of molasses and honey, just as the viscosity of light motor oil is less than that of grease. A unit used in mechanical engineering to describe viscosity is called the poise, named after the physiologist Jean Louis Poiseuille, who performed early experiments in fluid mechanics. The unit is defined by 1 poise = 0.1 (N s)/m2. Show that 1 poise is also equivalent to 1 g/(cm · s). %3Darrow_forwardThe dynamic viscosity of water is 0.001 N-s/m2. Determine the kinematic viscosity in English system. Calculate the equivalent kinematic viscosity in stokes. (Hint: 1 stoke = 1 cm2/s) Answer the situations with complete solutions. Write your final answer in two decimal places. please input the correct unit and box final answer thank youarrow_forwardReferring to the description in the poise (1 P = 0.1 (N · s)/m², and given that the viscosity of a certain engine oil is 0.3 kg/(m · s), a. Determine the value in the units of poise. (Express your answer using two significant figures.) 0.3 kg /(m- s) = [ |P b. Determine the value in the units of slug/(ft s). (Express your answer using two significant figures.) 0.3 kg/(m · s) = | slug /(ft s)arrow_forward
- A ship 350 m long moves in sea water whose density is 1030 kg/m3 . A 1:120 model of this ship is to be tested in a wind tunnel. The velocity of the wind tunnel around the model is 35 m/s and the resistance of the model is 65 N. Determine the velocity and also the resistance of the ship in sea water. The density of air is given as 1.24 kg/m3 . Take the kinematic viscosity of air and sea water as 0.012 stokes and 0.018 stokes respectively.arrow_forwardA lubricating oil having the dynamic viscosity of 0.051 poise and specific gravity of 1.12. Calculate (i) the density of oil in kg/m3, (ii) the weight density of oil in N/m3,(iii) the kinematic viscosity in stokes, and (iv) the specific volume in m3/kg.arrow_forwardQ1: Apply appropriate solution method using math principles to prove that "the pressure at a point in a fluid has the same magnitude in all directions". Support your answer with sketch. Answer: Px Pz = Pn P are the mean pressures at the three surfaces in the x- and z-directions. Q2: Formulate the issue and identify key variables to prove that [AP = P2 - P, = pg Az = y, Az], where y, and p are the specific weight and density of the fluid, respectively. Az is the vertical distance. Support your answer with sketch. Q3: From fluid mechanics science perspective, define the center of gravity and the center of pressure. Q4: Identify the hydrostatic force acting on the top surface of a submerged rectangular plate by applying principles of engineering for the following cases: 1 tilted plate, (2 vertical plate, and 3 horizontal plate. Support your answer with sketch. Q5: By applying principles of fluid mechanics science, define the "rigid-body" and identify its features. Q6: Formulate the issue…arrow_forward
- In Figure below all fluids are at 20 deg.C. Determine pressure at point B, if pressure at point A is 150 kPa and weight of air is neglected. Use the table below for the densities at 20 deg.C. Liquid p. kg/m Kerosene - Ammonia 608 Benzene 881 Air Carbon tetrachloride 1590 Benzene Ethanol 789 Ethylene glycol Freon 12 B 1117 40 cm 9 cm 1327 20 cm Gasoline 680 14 cm Glycerin Kerosene 1260 t8 cm 804 Mercury- Water Mercury Methanol 13,550 791 SAE 10W oil 870 SAE 10W30 oil 876 SAE 30W oil 891 SAE 50W oil 902 Water 998 Seawater (30%e) 1025arrow_forwardThe pressure P exerted by a flowing fluid on a stationary body depends upon the length l ofthe body, velocity of the fluid u, density of fluid ρ, viscosity of the fluid μ, and accelerationdue to gravity g. Find an expression for the force using Buckingham π theorem. cleararrow_forwardExpress the group of variables LENGTH , VISCOSITY, DENSITY, VELOCITY as a dimensionless ratio and show all your calculations.arrow_forward
- 1. The density of an oil is 850 kg/m3. Find its relative density (or specific gravity) and Kinematic viscosity if the dynamic viscosity is 5 x 10-3 kg/ms. 2. If the viscosity of water at 70 °C is 0.00402 poise and its specific gravity is 0.978 determine its absolute viscosity in Pa-s and its kinematic viscosity in m²/s and in stokes 3. Calculate the Reynolds number, Re for water flow in a circular pipe. The diameter of the pipe is 50 mm, the density of water is 998 kg/m³, the volumetric oil flowrate is 720 L/min, and the dynamic viscosity of water is 1.2 centipoisearrow_forwardflued mechanics The inclined manometer at Fluid Dynamic laboratory at E5 has broken. You are tasked to design a new inclined manometer as shown in Figure 1. The design task is to decide what is the proper manometric fluid to be used, angle of inclination (θ), and the length of the vertical (L1) and inclined (L2) leg of the manometer. Since the manometer is mainly used together with Pitot-Static tube to measure air velocity it needs to be sensitive to a small pressure difference which in the range of 5 to 50 Pa. It should be notice that the manometer should fit in a compartment which has 15 cm-height and 80 cm-length. The inclination angle should be at least 5°. The temperature in the lab is around 27 °C to 37 °C. The manometric fluid should fulfil the following criteria: The fluid should have a low vapour pressure (A liquid with high vapour pressure would be less sensitive to changes in pressure) The fluid should have low surface tension to avoid the capillary rise. High boiling…arrow_forwardFor the formula: kinematic viscosity (v) equals absolute viscosity (u) divided by density (p)v = u/pShow how the SI units for this relationship are derived by reducing them to the basic length, time, massand presenting them for each variable.arrow_forward
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