Principles of Instrumental Analysis
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577213
Author: Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 2, Problem 2.7QAP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The value of
Concept introduction:
The potential difference is also known by various names like voltage or electric potential difference. It can also be defined as the difference in electric potential between two given points in any circuit.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The classical dissociation constant of propionic acid, C2H5CO2H, is 1.34 x10-5 moldm-3 at 250C and the limiting molar conductivities at zero concentration of hydrogen and propionate ions are 349.8 and 35.8 ohm-1 cm2 mol-1 respectively. Calculation of the resistivity of 0.100 M solution of propionic acid.
write a summary of each of the techniques for measuring vacancyconcentrations, noted therein.
(1) Measurements of the quenched-in residual electricalresistivity of aluminium rapidly cooled from temperatures be-low about 800 K with initial quenching rates of 2 × 106 K s−1give the enthalpy of formation of monovacancies H F1V =(0.65 ± 0.01) eV.(2) Comparison of the quenching data with high-temperature differential-dilatometry data gives the monova-cancy formation entropy SF1V = (0.76 ± 0.4)kB (kB =Boltzmann’s constant) and the low-temperature resistivity perunit concentration of vacancies ρ1V = (1.9 ± 0.1) μm.(3) The binding enthalpy of divacancies in Al is H B2V =(0.17 5 ± 0.02 5) eV. This is in agreement with earlier ex-perimental determinations by Doyama and Koehler 48) and byLevy et al. 49, 50) but in marked contrast to the claim of Carlinget al., 23) based on computations with the generalized gradi-ent approximation, that in Al H B2V is zero or even negativeand therefore the…
The resistances of a series of aqueous NaCI solutions, formed by successive dilution of a sample, were measured in a cell with cell constant (the constant C in the relation κ = C/R) equal to 0.2063 cm-1. The following values were found:
c/(mol dm-3) 0.00050 0.0010 0.0050 0.010 0.020 0.050R/Ω 3314 1669 342.1 172.5 89.08 3714(a) Verify that the molar conductivity follows the Kohlrausch law and find the limiting molar conductivity. (b) Determine the coefficient κ, (c) Use the value of κ (which should depend only on the nature, not the identity of the ions) and the information that λ(Na+) = 5.01 mS m2 mol-1 and , λ(I-) = 768 mS m2 mol-1, to predict (i) the molar conductivity, (ii) the conductivity,(iii) the resistance it would show in the cell, of 0.010 mol dm-3 Nal(aq) at 25 °C.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- The transfer coefficient of a certain electrode in contact with M2+ and M3+ in aqueous solution at 25 °C is 0.42. The current density is found to be 17.0 mA cm2 when the overpotential is 105 mV. What is the overpotential required for a current density of 72 mA cm−2? Hint: See hint to Exercise E19D.1(a).arrow_forwardUse the data in Table 19D.1 for the exchange-current density and transfer coefficient for the reaction Fe3+ + e− → Fe2+ on platinum at 25 °C to identify the current density needed to obtain an overpotential of 0.30 V as calculated (i) by using the Butler–Volmer equation, and (ii) by assuming that the current is entirely anodic. Comment on the validity of the latter assumption.arrow_forwardElectrochemical detection is commonly used in combination capillary electrophoresis systems. This is a type of hydrodynamic voltammetry called flow injection, where it has been shown that ilim a U1/3, where U is the flow rate of the solution. Flow analysis of a urine sample at a thin-layer amperometric detector, with a flow-rate of 1.25mL/min, yielded a limiting current value of 1.6µA for its unknown uric acid content. A larger current of 2.4µA was observed for a sample containing 1 × 10-4 M uric acid and flowing at a rate of 0.9mL/min. Calculate the original concentration of uric acid in the samplearrow_forward
- The resistance of a decinormal solution of a salt occupying a volume between Pt electrodes is 1.80 cm apart and 5.4 cm2 in area was found to be 32 ohms. Calculate the equivalent conductance of the solution.arrow_forwardAn atomic beam is designed to function with (a) cadmium, (b) mercury. The source is an oven maintained at 380K with a small slit of dimensions 1.0cm x 1.0 x 10-3cm. The vapor pressure of cadmium is 0.13 Pa nd that of mercury is 12 Pa at this temperature. What is the atomic current (the number of atoms per second) in the beams?arrow_forward4. What is the capacitance of an empty parallel-plate capacitor with metal plates that each have an area of 1.00m², separated by 1.00 mm?arrow_forward
- Use Tafel Equation To Estimate The Current Density (In A/Cm2) For A 2-Electron Electrochemical Reaction At Overpotential Of 100mV. Assume A=0.5, i0=10mA/Cm2, T=300K.arrow_forwardSignificant evolution or deposition occurs in electrolysis only if the overpotential exceeds about 0.6 V. To illustrate this criterion calculate the effect that increasing the overpotential from 0.40 V to 0.60 V has on the current density in the electrolysis of 1.0 m NaOH(aq), which is 1.0 mA cm−2 at 0.4 V and 25 °C. Take α = 0.5. Hint: Assume that the current is entirely anodic.arrow_forwardIn an investigation of the influence of experimental variables on detection limits in electrothermal AAS, Cabon and Bihan found several factors to be significant in the optimization of the method. List six of these factors, describe in detail the physical basis for each factor, and discuss why each isimportant.arrow_forward
- The exchange-current density for a Pt|Fe3+,Fe2+ electrode is 2.5 mA cm−2. The standard potential of the electrode is +0.77 V. Derive an expression for the current flowing through an electrode of surface area 1.0 cm2 as a function of the potential applied to the electrode; assume standard conditions.arrow_forwardThe resistance of 0.01 M NaCl solution at 25 °C is 200 Ω. The cell constant of conductivity cell is unity. Calculate the molar conductance.arrow_forward5. The magnetic flux through one turn of a 55-turn coil of wire is reduced from 29 Wb to 5.0 Wb in 0.80 s, which results in an induced current of 36000 mA. What is the total resistance of the wire in the coil.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305577213
Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:Cengage Learning