Concept explainers
Total costs and unit costs, service setting. National Training recently started a business providing training events for corporations. In order to better understand the profitability of the business, the owners asked you for an analysis of costs—what costs are fixed, what costs are variable, and so on, for each training session. You have the following cost information:
Trainer: $11,000 per session
Materials: $2,500 per session and $35 per attendee
Catering Costs (subcontracted):
Food: $75 per attendee
Setup/cleanup: $25 per attendee
Fixed fee: $5,000 per training session
National Training is pleased with the service they use for the catering and have allowed them to place brochures on each dinner table as a form of advertising. In exchange, the caterer gives National Training a $1,000 discount per session.
- 1. Draw a graph depicting fixed costs, variable costs, and total costs for each training session versus the number of guests.
Required
- 2. Suppose 100 persons attend the next event. What is National Training’s total net cost and the cost per attendee?
- 3. Suppose instead that 175 persons attend? What is National Training’s total net cost and the cost per attendee?
- 4. How should National Training charge customers for their services? Explain briefly.
Learn your wayIncludes step-by-step video
Chapter 2 Solutions
Horngren's Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis (16th Edition)
Additional Business Textbook Solutions
Horngren's Financial & Managerial Accounting, The Managerial Chapters (6th Edition)
Financial Accounting
Financial Accounting (11th Edition)
Horngren's Financial & Managerial Accounting, The Financial Chapters (6th Edition)
Financial Accounting, Student Value Edition (4th Edition)
Cost Accounting (15th Edition)
- having trouble figuring out the Cost of Services? any advice? The Fly Company provides advertising services for clients across the nation. The Fly Company is presently working on four projects, each for a different client. The Fly Company accumulates costs for each account (client) on the basis of both direct costs and allocated indirect costs. The direct costs include the charged time of professional personnel and media purchases (air time and ad space). Overhead is allocated to each project as a percentage of media purchases. The predetermined overhead rate is 65% of media purchases. On August 1, the four advertising projects had the following accumulated costs: August 1 Balances Vault Bank $270,000 Take Off Airlines 80,000 Sleepy Tired Hotels 210,000 Tastee Beverages 115,000 Total $675,000 During August, The Fly Company incurred the following direct labor and media purchase costs related to preparing advertising for each of the four accounts: Direct…arrow_forwardThe Big Event (TBE) recently started a business organizing food and music at weddings and other large events. In order to better understand the profitability of the business, the owner has asked you for an analysis of costs—what costs are fixed, what costs are variable, Music costs : $10,000 per event Catering costs: Food : $65 per guest Setup/cleanup : $15 per guest Fixed fee : $4,000 per event TBE has allowed the caterer, who is also new in business, to place business cards on each table as a form of advertising. This has proved quite effective, and the caterer gives TBE a discount of $5 per guest in exchange for allowing the caterer to advertise. Required Suppose 150 persons attend the next event. What is TBE’s total net cost and the cost per attendee? Suppose instead that 200 persons attend. What is TBE’s total net cost and the cost per attendee. 3. How should TBE charge customers for its services? Explain briefly.arrow_forwardWilliam Financial Resources (WFR) manufacturers finance textbooks that explains finance concepts in layman terms for the average American. They have historically used a traditional system that allocated the manufacturing overhead costs based on machine hours. WFR is looking at switching to an ABC system in order to ensure accurate product costing. They first want to compare the traditional and ABC costing systems to determine if it is worth the effort and costs to implement and maintain. They estimate a total overhead cost of $459,000. Under the traditional system they identified machine hours as the cost driver, and estimated a total of 51,000 machine hours. They actually incurred 48,700 machine hours in production. The total applied MOH calculated under the more precise ABC system was $320,000. What is the difference in applied MOH between the traditional and ABC costing systems? Please provide your answer as an absolute (positive), to the nearest dollar, and do not include the "$"…arrow_forward
- Mackenzie Consulting computes the cost of each consulting engagement by adding a portion of the firm wide overhead costs to the labor cost of the consultants on the engagement. The overhead costs are assigned to each consulting engagement using a cost driver rate based on consultant labor costs. Mackenzie Consulting’s overhead costs are $5 million per year, and total consultant labor cost is estimated at $2.5 million per year. Required (a) What is Mackenzie Consulting’s cost driver rate? (b) If the consultant labor cost on an engagement is $25,000, what cost will Mackenzie Consulting compute as the total cost of the consulting engagement?arrow_forwardVVH Training is a company that provides expert training sessions on how to run your business and make it profitable. They offer these training sessions in their offices and offer catering services during the sessions. You have been hired to complete a profitability analysis and you decided to start by completing a cost analysis of the business, in order to figure out for each training sessions, what costs are fixed and what costs are variable. You were able to gather the following information about the associated costs: Instructor: $11,000 per session Training Material: $2,500 per session and $35 per attendee Catering Services: Food: $75 per attendee Setup/cleanup: $25 per attendee Fixed fee: $5,000 per training session The catering company has also offered VVH Training a 1,000$ discount per session, if they are willing to leave their brochures on the dinner table as a form of advertising. VVH has accepted the offer saying that it is a no-brainer Required: plot a…arrow_forwardAdvanced Coding is a software development company that sells specialized practice management software to large professional services firms. Management has decided to analyze certain costs related to sales to determine per-customer profitability and to plan for future sales efforts. These costs include sales commissions and overhead related to the corporate jet expenses. They have determined that $200,000 of overhead costs related to the corporate jet should be assigned to individual customers. Sales representatives are paid a commission of 5% on Gross Profit (sales less costs to develop the software). In relation to overhead costs, the sales staff used the corporate jet at a cost of $1,000 per hour for trips to customers as follows: Customer #1: 50 hours Customer #2: 43 hours Customer #3: 15 hours Customer #4: 8 hours Customer #5: 10 hours Gross profit per customer is as follows: Customer #1: $340,000 Customer #2: $240,000 Customer #3: $60,000 Customer #4: $80,000 Customer #5: $60,000…arrow_forward
- Classifying Costs as Product or Period Costs Suppose that you have been given a summer job as an intern at Issac Aircams, a company that manufactures sophisticated spy cameras for remote-controlled military reconnaissance aircraft. The company, which is privately owned, has approached a bank for a loan to help finance its growth. The bank requires financial statements before approving the loan. Required: Classify each cost listed below as either a product cost or a period cost for the purpose of preparing financial statements for the bank. 1. Depreciation on salespersons’ cars. 2. Rent on equipment used in the factory. 3. Lubricants used for machine maintenance. 4. Salaries of personnel who work in the finished goods warehouse. 5. Soap and paper towels used by factory workers at the end of a shift. 6. Factory supervisors’ salaries. 7. Heat, water, and power consumed in the factory. 8. Materials used for boxing products for shipment overseas. (Units are not normally boxed.) 9.…arrow_forwardClassification of costs, service sector. Market Focus is a marketing research firm that organizes focus groups for consumer-product companies. Each focus group has eight individuals who are paid $60 per session to provide comments on new products. These focus groups meet in hotels and are led by a trained, independent marketing specialist hired by Market Focus. Each specialist is paid a fixed retainer to conduct a minimum number of sessions and a per session fee of $2,200. A Market Focus staff member attends each session to ensure that all the logistical aspects run smoothly. Direct or indirect (D or I) costs of each individual focus group. Variable or fixed (V or F) costs of how the total costs of Market Focus change as the number of focus groups conducted changes. (If in doubt, select on the basis of whether the total costs will change substantially if there is a large change in the number of groups conducted.) You will have two answers (D or I; V or F) for each of the following…arrow_forwardAs a new accountant of the company, you are provided with the following information related to KOKO: Product Annual production and sales unit Direct material cost per unit Direct labour cost per unit Machine hours per unit Selling price per unit Koko 5,500 RM50 RM35 3 hours RM150 The company is considering of changing the traditional method to the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method. In order to adopt ABC method the following information is required: Activity Cost Cost Driver Pool Expected overhead Expected use of drivers per product Other products 3,500 costs Коко (RM) No of purchase orders Machine hours Maintenance Maintenance hours Number of inspections Total Purchasing 4,000 37,500 Machining 16,500 8,000 1,500 147,000 43,000 3,500 Quality control 1900 1600 17,500 245,000 Required: a. If the company decided to use the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method, determine the cost per unit of KOKO. Based on your answer in (a), advise whether the company should change to ABC method. Support…arrow_forward
- Howard Cooper, the president of Thornton Computer Services, needs your help. He wonders about the potential effects on the firm's net income if he changes the service rate that the firm charges its customers. The following basic data pertain to fiscal Year 3. Standard rate and variable costs Service rate per hour Labor cost Overhead cost Selling, general, and administrative cost Expected fixed costs Facility maintenance Selling, general, and administrative Required: a. Prepare the pro forma income statement that would appear in the master budget if the firm expects to provide 42,000 hours of services in Year 3. b. A marketing consultant suggests to Mr. Cooper that the service rate may affect the number of service hours that the firm can achieve. According to the consultant's analysis, if Thornton charges customers $79 per hour, the firm can achieve 48,000 hours of services. Prepare a flexible budget using the consultant's assumption. c. The same consultant also suggests that if the…arrow_forwardA training company runs courses for students that vary in length between one day and four weeks. The size of classes varies between 5 students and 40 students. The company wants to set a price for its courses based on a mark-up on cost. What would be the most appropriate basis for measuring costs? Question 2 options: 1) Cost per student per day 2) Cost per course 3) Cost per student 4) Cost per dayarrow_forwardHoward Cooper, the president of Stuart Computer Services, needs your help. He wonders about the potential effects on the firm's net income if he changes the service rate that the firm charges its customers. The following basic data pertain to fiscal Year 3. Standard rate and variable costs Service rate per hour Labor cost Overhead cost Selling, general, and administrative cost Expected fixed costs Facility maintenance Selling, general, and administrative Required: a. Prepare the pro forma income statement that would appear in the master budget if the firm expects to provide 30,000 hours of services in Year 3. b. A marketing consultant suggests to Mr. Cooper that the service rate may affect the number of service hours that the firm can achieve. According to the consultant's analysis, if Stuart charges customers $80 per hour, the firm can achieve 36,000 hours of services. Prepare a flexible budget using the consultant's assumption. c. The same consultant also suggests that if the firm…arrow_forward
- Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Accounting Volume 2AccountingISBN:9781947172609Author:OpenStaxPublisher:OpenStax CollegeManagerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...AccountingISBN:9781337115773Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. HeitgerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337912020Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. TaylerPublisher:South-Western College PubFinancial And Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337902663Author:WARREN, Carl S.Publisher:Cengage Learning,Essentials of Business Analytics (MindTap Course ...StatisticsISBN:9781305627734Author:Jeffrey D. Camm, James J. Cochran, Michael J. Fry, Jeffrey W. Ohlmann, David R. AndersonPublisher:Cengage Learning