Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the formal charge of each atom in
Concept Introduction :
Formal Charge = Group Number − Number of lines − Number of dots
Group Number refers to the column number on the periodic table.
Number of lines indicates the number of line bonds to the atom in the Lewis structure or it shows the number of bonded pair of electrons.
Number of dots represent the number of non-bonded electrons on an atom in the Lewis structure
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether the formal charge of each atom in
Concept Introduction :
Formal Charge = Group Number − Number of lines − Number of dots
Group Number refers to the column number on the periodic table.
Number of lines indicates the number of line bonds to the atom in the Lewis structure or it shows the number of bonded pair of electrons.
Number of dots represent the number of non-bonded electrons on an atom in the Lewis structure
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether the formal charge of each atom in
Concept Introduction :
Formal Charge = Group Number − Number of lines − Number of dots
Group Number refers to the column number on the periodic table.
Number of lines indicates the number of line bonds to the atom in the Lewis structure or it shows the number of bonded pair of electrons.
Number of dots represent the number of non-bonded electrons on an atom in the Lewis structure
(d)
Interpretation:
Whether the formal charge of each atom in
Concept Introduction :
Formal Charge = Group Number − Number of lines − Number of dots
Group Number refers to the column number on the periodic table.
Number of lines indicates the number of line bonds to the atom in the Lewis structure or it shows the number of bonded pair of electrons.
Number of dots represent the number of non-bonded electrons on an atom in the Lewis structure
(e)
Interpretation:
Whether the formal charge of each atom in
Concept Introduction :
Formal Charge = Group Number − Number of lines − Number of dots
Group Number refers to the column number on the periodic table.
Number of lines indicates the number of line bonds to the atom in the Lewis structure or it shows the number of bonded pair of electrons.
Number of dots represent the number of non-bonded electrons on an atom in the Lewis structure
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- The incomplete Lewis structure below shows all the atoms and sigma bonds for a particular molecule, but nothing else. The molecule has a net charge of - 1. Fill in any missing electrons to create the best Lewis structure for the molecule. Make sure to include any non-zero formal charges. H H H H-N- C-C- 0 H toarrow_forwardDraw a single best Lewis structure for each molecule below. Assign non-zero formal charges to each atom. (a.) H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) b) N2H4 (hydrazine) c) CH3SCN (methyl thiocyanate) d) CH2Cl2 (dichloromethane) e) SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) f) PCl5 (phosphorus pentachloride) g) HClO4 (perchloric acid) h) BH3 (boron trihydride)arrow_forwardA resonance hybrid is a structure that can be depicted by more than one valid Lewis structure. part1: Draw the major resonance form of fulminic acid, HCNO, with the atoms connected as indicated in the formula. Your structure should have nonzero formal charges minimized, and it should include all nonzero formal charges and all nonbonding electrons. part2: Draw the second most important resonance form of fulminic acid, HCNO, with the atoms connected as indicated in the formula. Your structure should have nonzero formal charges minimized, and it should include all nonzero formal charges and all nonbonding electrons. part3: Draw the least important resonance contributor for fulminic acid, HCNO, with the atoms connected as indicated in the formula. Your structure should have nonzero formal charges minimized and should include all nonzero formal charges and all nonbonding electrons.arrow_forward
- A resonance hybrid is a structure that can be depicted by more than one valid Lewis structure. part1: Draw the major resonance form of fulminic acid, HCNO, with the atoms connected as indicated in the formula. Your structure should have nonzero formal charges minimized, and it should include all nonzero formal charges and all nonbonding electrons. part2: Draw the second most important resonance form of fulminic acid, HCNO, with the atoms connected as indicated in the formula. Your structure should have nonzero formal charges minimized, and it should include all nonzero formal charges and all nonbonding electrons.arrow_forward6. Good question. A molecule with zero formal charges on all atoms is drawn below. Identify which group of the periodic table each of the elements X, Y, Z, and A, belong to. A A A -X A A :Z-A Ÿ-Aarrow_forwardWhat is delocalization energy? How is it related to resonance energy? Answer by selecting all true statements. 00 Resonance energy is a term used in VB theory. Resonance energy and delocalization energy are term that describe different conditions. Resonance energy is a term used in MO theory. Resonance energy and delocalization energy are essentially the same thing. Resonance energy and delocalization energy represent the additional stability associated with a spreading out of electron density. Delocalization energy is a term used in VB theory. Delocalization energy is a term used in MO theory. Resonance energy and delocalization energy represent the additional stability associated with concentrating electron density.arrow_forward
- SELF-TUTORIAL 2. The sodium salt of nitrite is used to relieve muscle spasms. Draw two resonance structures for the nitrite ion (NO,). 3. Draw all of the resonance structures for azide anion, N3, and indicate the most stable one. 4. Draw all the equivalent resonance structures for following species. Include any non-zero formal charges in the structures. i. Nitrate anion, NO3 ii. Chlorate anion, Cl03arrow_forwardA student once drew the following arrows and resonance structure for me (their work is in blue). List two things that make what the student drew incorrect. Then, tell me how you knew that the two things you listed were incorrect answers. Yes, there are more than two things incorrect here, but only tell me about two of them. :0: :O: H động đang H H H Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt Paragraph BI U A 2v T²v |arrow_forwardWhich of the following resonance structures is the most stable? || I ||| ON II III ∞-∞ IV N Varrow_forward
- 2. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), the precursor to THC, a psvchoactive: H.. • This molecule is missing eight lone pairs. Add them to the structure above • Check the formal charges of the oxygen atoms above. Do any of them have a non-zero formal charge? If so, add the charges to the appropriate oxygen atoms • THCA is a weak acid. Identify and circle the acidic hydrogen on the above structure • Draw a resonance structure of this molecule belowarrow_forwardThe Lewis structure for the chlorate ion is Calculate the formal charge on the chlorine (C1) atom. Express your answer as an integer. ► View Available Hint(s) formal charge on Cl = Submit Previous Answers Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining Part B Calculate the formal charge on each of the oxygen (O) atoms labeled a, b, and c in the following Lewis structure. b :O: Express your answers as integers separated by commas. ► View Available Hint(s) b :0: formal charge on Oa, Ob, Oc c =arrow_forwardIn this problem I’m supposed to add the Hydrogens (originally not shown), valence electrons, and pi bonds to create C7H6NO- with a -1 formal charge on oxygen. This is what I got for this question and it keeps telling me it’s wrong. On the next part of the question it’s the same problem except the -1 formal charge is on the Nitrogen and I’m not sure how to draw that one either. Thank you!arrow_forward
Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning