Concept explainers
Interpretation:
It should be shown that for nonstandard conditions the temperature variation of cell potential is
Also, the value of Q, ΔrH0, ΔrS0 for the reaction should be calculated and K for the two temperatures should be calculated.
Equilibrium concentrations of the species at 50.0 0C should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The value of
Here, R is Universal gas constant, T is temperature and Q is reaction quotient.
The value of
Here,
It is related to Ecell as follows:
Here, z is number of electron/s transferred and F is Faraday’s constant.
The Gibbs free energy change is related to equilibrium constant as follows:
Here, R is Universal gas constant, T is temperature and K is equilibrium constant.
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General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
- The cohesive energy density, U, is defined as U/V, where U is the mean potential energy of attraction within the sample and V its volume. Show that U = 1/2N2∫V(R)dτ where N is the number density of the molecules and V(R) is their attractive potential energy and where the integration ranges from d to infinity and over all angles. Go on to show that the cohesive energy density of a uniform distribution of molecules that interact by a van der Waals attraction of the form −C6/R6 is equal to −(2π/3)(NA2/d3M2)ρ2C6, where ρ is the mass density of the solid sample and M is the molar mass of the molecules.arrow_forwardThe temperature dependence of the heat capacity of non-metallic solids is found to follow the Debye T3 -law at very low temperatures, with Cp,m = aT3. (a) Derive an expression for the change in molar entropy on heating for such a solid. (b) For solid nitrogen, a= 6.15 x 10-3 J K-4 mol-1. What is the molar entropy of solid nitrogen at 5 K?arrow_forwardCalculate V−1(∂V/∂T)p,n for an ideal gas?arrow_forward
- P2D.2 Starting from the expression Cp − CV = T(∂p/∂T)V(∂V/∂T)p, use theappropriate relations between partial derivatives (The chemist’s toolkit 9 inTopic 2A) to show thatC CT V TV p( / )( / ) p VpTarrow_forwardConsider a free Fermi gas in two dimensions, confined to a squarearea A = L2. Show that in the high-temperature limit, kT »€F, the chemical potential of this system is the same as that of an ordinary ideal gasarrow_forwardCalculate the change in entropy when 25 kJ of energy is transferred reversibly and isothermally as heat to a large block of iron at (a) 273 K, (b) 373 K.arrow_forward
- A monatomic perfect gas at a temperature T; is expanded isothermally to twice its initial volume. To what temperature should it be cooled to restore its entropy to its initial value? Take Cv,m = (3)/(2)R.arrow_forwardse dp +| dS = se dT Use (ƏS/ƏT), = C,/T and an appropriate Maxwell relation to show that TdS = C,dT- aTVdp, where the expansion coefficient, a, is defined as a= (1/V)(av/ƏT),. Hence, show that the energy transferred as heat, q, when the pressure on an incompressible liquid or solid is increased by Ap in a reversible isothermal process is given by q = -aTVAp. Evaluate q when the pressure acting on 100 cm' of mercury at 0°C is increased by 1.0 kbar. (a= 1.82 × 10*K'.) P3E.6 Suppose that S is regarded as a function of p and T so thatarrow_forwardCalculate delta G for the isothermal expansion of 3.75 mol of an ideal gas at 315 K from an intial pressure of 1.15x10^6 Pa to a final pressure of 5.40x10^3 Pa.arrow_forward
- 2- Starting from H = U +pV and G = H– TS, prove that maximum useful work dwe,max= dG 3- Starting from H = U + pV and G = H– TS, prove that Əv se dp. ƏTarrow_forwardEstimate the change in the molar entropy of N2(g) when the temperature is lowered from 298 K to 273 K, given that Cp,m(N2) = 29.125 J K−1 mol−1 at 298 K.arrow_forwardA sample of argon of mass 6.56 g occupies 18.5 dm3 at 305 K.(i) Calculate the work done when the gas expands isothermally against a constant external pressure of 7.7 kPa until its volume has increased by 2.5 dm3. (ii) Calculate the work that would be done if the same expansion occurred reversibly.arrow_forward
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,