Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 19, Problem 7WIO
A fern plant can produce as many as 50 million spores a year. (a) How are these spores similar to and different from seeds? (b) In a fern population that is neither shrinking nor growing, approximately what proportion of these spores is likely to survive long enough to reproduce? (c) What factors might determine whether an individual spore success fully produces a new fern plant?
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Which of the following statements is accurate?
a) All plants have identical sporangia, all producing the same type of spores
b) Plants have an embryo that is protected inside (and nourished by) the
gametophyte
c) Gametangia produce gametes by meiosis whereas sporangia produce spores
by mitosis
d) Gametangia always produce haploid gametes whereas sporangia produce
diploid spores
e) Gametangia are multicellular structures whereas sporangia are unicellular
structures
Plants and animals originated in water environments and, much later, plants invaded the land and later still, animals invaded the land.
a) With respect to the four groups of plants (Bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms), give the basic method of fertilization. That is, how do the sperm reach the eggs?
b) What is the significance of the fertilization methods to the invasion of the land by the Gymnosperms and Angiosperms?
Which of the following comparisons between the moss life cycle and fern life cycle are correct? A) Mosses have flagellated sperm that need water to reach the female gamete, while the sperm of ferns are unflagellated and are not dependent on water.B) The sporophyte generation is smaller than the gametophyte generation in mosses, but the sporophyte generation is much larger than the gametophyte generation in ferns.C) The spores are produced in capsules on stalks in mosses but in small structures called sori on the underside of leaves in ferns.D) The gametes are produced in gametangia in mosses but in specialized structures on the underside of leaves in ferns.E) Both kinds of plants depend on wind for dispersal of spores.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1MCCh. 19.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 19.1 - How does vascular tissue adapt plants to land?Ch. 19.1 - Describe the reproductive adaptations of plants.Ch. 19.2 - Describe the three main groups of bryophytes.Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 19.3 - Describe the four groups of seedless vascular...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 19.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19.4 - What are the characteristics of gymnosperms?
Ch. 19.4 - What are the four groups of gymnosperms?Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19.4 - What happens during and after pollination in...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 19.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 19.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 19.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 19.6 - What are some alternative hypotheses for why the...Ch. 19 - Which of the following is NOT a similarity between...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 19 - What conditions did plants face when they moved to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 19 - Which adaptation to land is present in the most...Ch. 19 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 19 - Reproduction in a pine tree is associated with a....Ch. 19 - In comparing the life cycle of an angiosperm to...Ch. 19 - What plant group is correctly matched with an...Ch. 19 - What characteristics do all land plants have in...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 19 - How are terrestrial habitats different from...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 19 - List the characteristics that distinguish the four...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 19 - A fern plant can produce as many as 50 million...Ch. 19 - How do the adaptations of gymnosperms and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 19 - Describe how the petals, ovary, and ovule of...Ch. 19 - The immature fruit of the opium poppy produces...Ch. 19 - Scientists have studied plant populations that...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13WIOCh. 19 - Prob. 14WIOCh. 19 - Prob. 15WIOCh. 19 - Compare and contrast the life cycles of the four...Ch. 19 - Prob. 17WIOCh. 19 - Prob. 18WIOCh. 19 - Prob. 19WIOCh. 19 - What are the pros and cons of pursuing biofuels as...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1PITCh. 19 - Prob. 2PITCh. 19 - Prob. 3PITCh. 19 - Prob. 4PIT
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- 4. a) EXPLAIN the terms Haplobiontic and Diplobiontic Life Cycle and give ONE example for each b) Anthophytes show "alternation of generation". Identify the structures that represent the TWO stages in its life cycle. c) The diagrams in Figure 2 show the steps in the development of an embryo sac and pollen grain. In ovary megasporangial cell In anther microsporangial cells VI microsporocyte / pollen mother cells (2n) microsporocyte (n) megasporocyte / embryo sac mother cell (2n) 4 megaspores (n) 1 megaspore (..) tube nucleus and VII immature pollen grain antipodal nuclei - polar nuclei synergids egg nucleus .nucleus .nudeus . nudeus (.. VII embryo sac germinating pollen grain FIGURE 2 i) STATE the process that occurs at stages I to IV in the diagrams in Figure 2. ii) What is the chromosome content of the megaspore at III. ii) What are the names of nuclei formed during germination of the pollen grain at VIIIT iv) Identify TWO ways that the sporophyte of a fern differs from that of an…arrow_forward12) Why do you say that fertilization in seed plants is independent of water? A) Spermatid cells are not necessary for fertilization to occur in seed plants.B) Seed plants use pollen instead of spermatid cells for fertilization.C) Spermatid cells are carried by pollen grains.D) Which spermatid cells in seed plants are capable of resisting desiccation indefinitely.arrow_forwardIn embryophytes, especially spermatophya, what is the difference between a "sporocyte" (e.g., megasporocyte) and the actual spore (e.g., megaspore)? a) Meiosis: Megasporocyte is still diploid, megaspore haploid b) Mitosis, number of nuclei: Megaspore has eight cell nuclei, megasporocyte only one c) Cytokinesis: Megasporocyte has only one cell, Megaspore can have several (as endosporic gametophyte). d) None: the two terms are synonymous. e) Meiosis: Megaspore is still diploid, megasporocyte haploidarrow_forward
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