Human Anatomy (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134320762
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Robert B. Tallitsch, Judi L. Nath
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 2CT
Endocrine abnormalities rarely, if ever, result in only a single change to a person's
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In Graves' disease, the body attacks the thyroid gland tissue and causes it to overproduce thyroid hormones, resulting in elevated blood levels of T3 and T4.
Which of the following statements would be TRUE?
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would release more TSH.
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would release more TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would then stop releasing TSH.
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would not release TSH.
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TSH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would not release TRH.
Which of the following rows correctly identifies the endocrine disorder, the level of the hormones involved, and a physiological consequence?
Select one:
a.
Endocrine Disorder
Hormone
Physiological Consequence
Addison's
Too little cortisol and aldosterone
Rapid weight gain
b.
Endocrine Disorder
Hormone
Physiological Consequence
Cushing's
Too much cortisol and aldosterone
Water retention
c.
Endocrine Disorder
Hormone
Physiological Consequence
Cushing's
Too little cortisol and aldosterone
Sodium imbalance
d.
Endocrine Disorder
Hormone
Physiological Consequence
Addison's
Too much cortisol and aldosterone
Increased blood pressure
The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones that regulate the activity of different body cells. The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" because it controls the activities of other glands.
Discuss a disorder associated with either hypo or hypersecretion of a specific hormone secreted by the pituitary gland.
Include in your discussion the answer to the following:
What effect will an increase or decrease in production have on the target organs?What signs and symptoms are associated with this condition and how is it treated?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Human Anatomy (9th Edition)
Ch. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 3RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 4RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 5RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 6RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 7RFTCh. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10RFT
Ch. 19 - Prob. 11RFTCh. 19 - Blood vessels that supply or drain the thyroid...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 14RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 15RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 16RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 17RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 18RFTCh. 19 - A structure known as the corpus luteum secretes...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1RCCh. 19 - Prob. 2RCCh. 19 - Prob. 3RCCh. 19 - Prob. 4RCCh. 19 - Prob. 5RCCh. 19 - 6. What effects do thyroid hormones have on body...Ch. 19 - Prob. 7RCCh. 19 - Prob. 8RCCh. 19 - Prob. 9RCCh. 19 - 1. How could a pituitary tumor result in the...Ch. 19 - 2. Endocrine abnormalities rarely, if ever, result...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3CTCh. 19 - Prob. 4CT
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- Describe the physiological consequences of imbalances of TSH, thyroxine, calcitonin, PTH, ACTH, cortisol, insulin, glucagon, hGH, ADH, epinephrine, and aldosterone.arrow_forwardDefine the term Cortisol?arrow_forward1) Hormone pathologies often manifest with elevated or lower hormones. The underlying cause may differ. What symptoms would be associated with hyperthyroidism? 2) Autoimmune disease in which auto-antibodies stimulate the TSH receptor (TSHR) on the thyroid gland. How would this affect levels of TRH, TSH, and TH? Draw out the H-P-T axis to illustrate changes in each hormone. 3) What symptoms would be associated with hypothyroidism? 4) How could this disease be treated? When the thyroid cells are destroyed, they cannot make hormones anymore and TH replacement needs to be given.arrow_forward
- Which one of the following statements about T3 is FALSE? 1) It is thought to be the most active thyroid hormone. 2) It may be elevated to a greater extent than T4 in hyperthyroidism. 3) It is not bound to serum proteins. 4) It is commonly decreased in patients with nonthyroidal illness. no references, just homework.arrow_forwardPredict the signs/symptoms that a person with hyperthyroidism would exhibit in each of the following circumstances: (a) high temperature or low temperature, (b) elevated pulse or decreased pulse, (c) elevated breathing or decreased breathing, and (d) plump or thin body.arrow_forwardDescribe why negative and positive feedback loops exist in the endocrine system.arrow_forward
- Explain how endocrine disorders produced the physical characteristics described: (a) obesity in a man with hypothyroidism, (b) small stature and gigantism in people with pituitary disorders, (c) facial hair on a woman with an adrenal tumor, and (d) protrusion of the eyes in a person with Graves’ disease.arrow_forwardDescribe the two primary factors that affect the concentration level of a circulating hormone.arrow_forwardWhat homeostatic imbalances may accompany hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism?arrow_forward
- Which is a result of consuming a diet deficient in iodine? Group of answer choices low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to reduced secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by the pituitary gland low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and an enlarged thyroid gland high plasma concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) due to a deficiency of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) high plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to increased secretion of TSH by the pituitary gland low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and atrophy of the thyroid gland due to reduced concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)arrow_forwardA) It is often said that growth hormone (GH) has both direct and indirect effects. Describe carefully what is meant by this. b) Also give examples of how a disorder in the system in which GH is involved can cause symptoms. Explain the mechanism behind.arrow_forwardIf a patient is hypoglycemic, which of the following physiological processes will occur in an attempt to correct this situation? ACTH will be released by the posterior pituitary gland to stimulate the adrenal gland, glucocorticoid will be released by the adrenal cortex and increase serum glucose levels, mineralcorticoids will be released by the adrenal cortex and potentiates catecholamine effects, Epinephrine will be secreted by the adrenal cortex in an attempt to increase blood serum glucose levelsarrow_forward
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