EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134296074
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: VST
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EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1AECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1BECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1CECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1DECh. 18.4 - Prob. 1EECh. 18 - Why doesnt the size of different molecules enter...Ch. 18 - When a gas is rapidly compressed (say, by pushing...Ch. 18 - In Section 181 we assumed the gas molecules made...Ch. 18 - Explain in words how Charless law follows from...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 18 - As you go higher in the Earths atmosphere, the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7QCh. 18 - Explain why the peak of the curve for 310 K in...Ch. 18 - Is temperature a macroscopic or microscopic...Ch. 18 - Escape velocity for the Earth refers to the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11QCh. 18 - If the pressure in a gas is doubled while its...Ch. 18 - What everyday observation would tell you that not...Ch. 18 - Alcohol evaporates more quickly than water at room...Ch. 18 - Explain why a hot humid day is far more...Ch. 18 - Is it possible to boil water at room temperature...Ch. 18 - What exactly does it mean when we say that oxygen...Ch. 18 - A length of thin wire is placed over a block of...Ch. 18 - Consider two days when the air temperature is the...Ch. 18 - (a) Why does food cook faster in a pressure...Ch. 18 - How do a gas and a vapor differ?Ch. 18 - (a) At suitable temperatures and pressures, can...Ch. 18 - Why does dry ice not last long at room...Ch. 18 - Under what conditions can liquid CO2 exist? Be...Ch. 18 - Why does exhaled air appear as a little white...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26QCh. 18 - Prob. 27QCh. 18 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - (I) A 1.0-mol sample of hydrogen gas has a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Prob. 15PCh. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - (I) A group of 25 particles have the following...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - (I) (a) At atmospheric pressure, in what phases...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - Prob. 28PCh. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - Prob. 31PCh. 18 - Prob. 32PCh. 18 - (II) A pressure cooker is a sealed pot designed to...Ch. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - Prob. 36PCh. 18 - Prob. 37PCh. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Prob. 42PCh. 18 - Prob. 43PCh. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - A sample of ideal gas must contain at least N =...Ch. 18 - In outer space the density of matter is about one...Ch. 18 - Calculate approximately the total translational...Ch. 18 - (a) Estimate the rms speed of an amino acid, whose...Ch. 18 - The escape speed from the Earth is 1.12 104 m/s,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 63GPCh. 18 - Prob. 66GPCh. 18 - Prob. 69GPCh. 18 - Prob. 71GPCh. 18 - Prob. 72GPCh. 18 - Prob. 73GPCh. 18 - Prob. 74GPCh. 18 - Prob. 75GPCh. 18 - Prob. 76GPCh. 18 - Prob. 77GP
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- Cylinder A contains oxygen (O2) gas, and cylinder B contains nitrogen (N2) gas. If the molecules in the two cylinders have the same rms speeds, which of the following statements is false? (a) The two gases haw different temperatures. (b) The temperature of cylinder B is less than the temperature of cylinder A. (c) The temperature of cylinder B is greater than the temperature of cylinder A. (d) The average kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules is less than the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.arrow_forwardConsider the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function plotted in Problem 28. For those parameters, determine the rms velocity and the most probable speed, as well as the values of f(v) for each of these values. Compare these values with the graph in Problem 28. 28. Plot the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function for a gas composed of nitrogen molecules (N2) at a temperature of 295 K. Identify the points on the curve that have a value of half the maximum value. Estimate these speeds, which represent the range of speeds most of the molecules are likely to have. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. Equation 20.18 can be used to find the rms velocity given the temperature, Boltzmanns constant, and the mass of the atom or molecule. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. vrms=3kBTm=3(1.381023J/K)4.681026kg=511m/s Using the results of Problem 28 and the rms velocity, we can calculate the value of f(v). f(vrms) = (3.11 108)(511)2 e(5.75106(511)2) = 0.00181 The most probable speed, for which this function has its maximum value, is given by Equation 20.20. vmp=2kBTm=2(1.381023J/K)(295K)4.681026kg=417m/s f(vmp) = (3.11108)(417)2 e(5.75106(417)2) = 0.00199 We plot these points on the speed distribution. The most probable speed is indeed at the peak of the distribution function. Since the function is not symmetric, the rms velocity is somewhat higher than the most probable speed. Figure P20.29ANSarrow_forwardA sample of a monatomic ideal gas occupies 5.00 L at atmospheric pressure and 300 K (point A in Fig. P17.68). It is warmed at constant volume to 3.00 atm (point B). Then it is allowed to expand isothermally to 1.00 atm (point C) and at last compressed isobarically to its original state. (a) Find the number of moles in the sample. Find (b) the temperature at point B, (c) the temperature at point C, and (d) the volume at point C. (e) Now consider the processes A B, B C, and C A. Describe how to carry out each process experimentally. (f) Find Q, W, and Eint for each of the processes. (g) For the whole cycle A B C A, find Q, W, and Eint. Figure P17.68arrow_forward
- Two monatomic ideal gases A and B are at the same temperature. If 1.0 g of gas A has the same internal energy as 0.10 g of gas B, what are (a) the ratio of the number of moles of each gas and (b) the ration of the atomic masses of the two gases?arrow_forwardFor a temperature increase of 10 at constant volume, what is the heat absorbed by (a) 3.0 mol of a dilute monatomic gas; (b) 0.50 mol of a dilute diatomic gas; and (c) 15 mol of a dilute polyatomic gas?arrow_forwardOne process for decaffeinating coffee uses carbon dioxide ( M=44.0 g/mol) at a molar density of about 14,0 mol/m3 and a temperature of about 60 . (a) Is CO2 a solid, liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid under those conditions? (b) The van der Waals constants for carbon dioxide are a=0.3658 Pa m6/mol2 and b=4.286105 m3/mol. Using the van der Waals equation, estimate pressure of CO2 at that temperature and density. `arrow_forward
- An ideal gas has a pressure of 0.50 atm and a volume of 10 L. It is compressed adiabatically and quasi-statically until its pressure is 3.0 atm and its volume is 2.8 L. Is the monatomic, diatomic, or polyatomic?arrow_forwardAn ideal gas initially at 300 K undergoes an isobaric expansion at 2.50 kPa. If the volume increases from 1.00 m3 to 3.00 m3 and 12.5 kJ is transferred to the gas by heat, what are (a) the change in its internal energy and (b) its final temperature?arrow_forwardFind (a) the most probable speed, (b) the average speed, and (c) the rms speed for nitrogen molecules at 295 K.arrow_forward
- Using the approximation v1v1+v f(v)dvf(v1)v for small v , estimate the fraction of nitrogen molecules at a temperature of 3.00102 K that have speeds between 290 m/s and 291 m/s.arrow_forwardA sample of a monatomic ideal gas occupies 5.00 L at atmospheric pressure and 300 K (point A in Fig. P21.65). It is warmed at constant volume to 3.00 atm (point B). Then it is allowed to expand isothermally to 1.00 atm (point C) and at last compressed isobarically to its original state, (a) Find the number of moles in the sample. Find (b) the temperature at point B, (c) the temperature at point C, and (d) the volume at point C. (e) Now consider the processes A B, B C, and C A. Describe how to carry out each process experimentally, (f) Find Q, W, and Eint for each of the processes, (g) For the whole cycle A B C A, find Q, W, and Eint.arrow_forwardAn ideal gas is contained in a vessel at 300 K. The temperature of the gas is then increased to 900 K. (i) By what factor does the average kinetic energy of the molecules change, (a) a factor of 9, (b) a factor of 3, (c) a factor of 3, (d) a factor of 1, or (e) a factor of 13? Using the same choices as in part (i), by what factor does each of the following change: (ii) the rms molecular speed of the molecules, (iii) the average momentum change that one molecule undergoes in a collision with one particular wall, (iv) the rate of collisions of molecules with walls, and (v) the pressure of the gas?arrow_forward
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