EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134296074
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 18, Problem 1P
To determine
The RMS speed of helium atoms near the surface of Sun.
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(1) Calculate the rms (root-mean-square) speed of hydrogen (H2), helium (He), and oxygen (O2)
at room temperature. These speeds are very high. Evaluate these speeds against the escape velocity
from the Earth, ~11.2 [km/s].
(a) What is the average kinetic energy in joules of hydrogen atoms on the 5500ºC surface of the Sun? (b) What is the average kinetic energy of helium atoms in a region of the solar corona where the temperature is 6.00×105 K ?
(II) Show that the rms speed of molecules in a gas is given
by vrms = V3P/p, where P is the pressure in the gas and
pis the gas density.
Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1AECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1BECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1CECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1DECh. 18.4 - Prob. 1EECh. 18 - Why doesnt the size of different molecules enter...Ch. 18 - When a gas is rapidly compressed (say, by pushing...Ch. 18 - In Section 181 we assumed the gas molecules made...Ch. 18 - Explain in words how Charless law follows from...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 18 - As you go higher in the Earths atmosphere, the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7QCh. 18 - Explain why the peak of the curve for 310 K in...Ch. 18 - Is temperature a macroscopic or microscopic...Ch. 18 - Escape velocity for the Earth refers to the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11QCh. 18 - If the pressure in a gas is doubled while its...Ch. 18 - What everyday observation would tell you that not...Ch. 18 - Alcohol evaporates more quickly than water at room...Ch. 18 - Explain why a hot humid day is far more...Ch. 18 - Is it possible to boil water at room temperature...Ch. 18 - What exactly does it mean when we say that oxygen...Ch. 18 - A length of thin wire is placed over a block of...Ch. 18 - Consider two days when the air temperature is the...Ch. 18 - (a) Why does food cook faster in a pressure...Ch. 18 - How do a gas and a vapor differ?Ch. 18 - (a) At suitable temperatures and pressures, can...Ch. 18 - Why does dry ice not last long at room...Ch. 18 - Under what conditions can liquid CO2 exist? Be...Ch. 18 - Why does exhaled air appear as a little white...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26QCh. 18 - Prob. 27QCh. 18 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - (I) A 1.0-mol sample of hydrogen gas has a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Prob. 15PCh. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - (I) A group of 25 particles have the following...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - (I) (a) At atmospheric pressure, in what phases...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - Prob. 28PCh. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - Prob. 31PCh. 18 - Prob. 32PCh. 18 - (II) A pressure cooker is a sealed pot designed to...Ch. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - Prob. 36PCh. 18 - Prob. 37PCh. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Prob. 42PCh. 18 - Prob. 43PCh. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - A sample of ideal gas must contain at least N =...Ch. 18 - In outer space the density of matter is about one...Ch. 18 - Calculate approximately the total translational...Ch. 18 - (a) Estimate the rms speed of an amino acid, whose...Ch. 18 - The escape speed from the Earth is 1.12 104 m/s,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 63GPCh. 18 - Prob. 66GPCh. 18 - Prob. 69GPCh. 18 - Prob. 71GPCh. 18 - Prob. 72GPCh. 18 - Prob. 73GPCh. 18 - Prob. 74GPCh. 18 - Prob. 75GPCh. 18 - Prob. 76GPCh. 18 - Prob. 77GP
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- At what temperature would the rms speed of the helium atoms (mass=6.66x10^-27kg) equal its escape speed from the earth which is 1.12x 10^4 m/s? Answer is given as 60509 K but cannot figure out how that could be it.arrow_forwardCalculate the rms speed of helium atoms near the surface of the Sun at a temperature of about 6300 K.arrow_forward(I) By what factor will the rms speed of gas moleculesincrease if the temperature is increased from 20°C to 160°C?arrow_forward
- Gas molecules of mass m are confined in a cylinder of radius R and height L (with R >> L) kept vertically in the Earth's gravitational field. The average energy of the gas at low temperatures (such that mgL>> k„T ) is given byarrow_forward(i) State the assumptions made in deriving the expression P = pc² for a fixed mass of deal gas. (ii) Estimate the Kinetic energy of a steam molecule at 11 00C.arrow_forwardI) We consider atoms of rubidium in the gaseous state. The molar mass of rubidium is M-87 g/mol. 1) At T=900 K, the rubidium acts like and ideal gas. At this temperature the free energy F is given by h2 F = -kgT ln Z where Z = with z N! V and A = (; 1/2 N being the number of 2TmkBT particles of the gas and m the mass of one particle. a) Explain the presence of the N! in the equation. b) Derive the expression of F as a function of T and the number of particles per unit volume, n=N/V. c) Show that u = T In(nA) where 7 is a quantity that you will express as a function of T.arrow_forward
- i) Evaluate rms speed, the average kinetic energy of a molecule and total random kinetic energy of all the molecules in 5 moles of methane gas at a temperature of 800 K. (Molar mass of methane is 16.04 x 10*mole/kg, and kB = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K)arrow_forwardExplain why in a gas of N molecules, the number of molecules having •v+Av f(v)av. speeds in the finite interval u to u + Au is AN = Varrow_forward(II) What is the rms speed of nitrogen molecules containedin an 8.5 -m3 volume at 2.9 atm if the total amount ofnitrogen is 2100 mol?arrow_forward
- i) Evaluate rms speed, the average kinetic energy of a molecule and total random kinetic energy of all the molecules in 6 moles of air gas at a temperature of 700 K. (Molar mass of air is 28.97 x 10 ³ mole/kg, and kB = 1.38 x 10 23 J/K)arrow_forwardii) In a cylinder 5 moles of Methane gas (M=16.04 x 10³ kg/mole) is at 35 °C temperature. Calculate for the gas: (R=8.31 J/kg-mole K and KB =1.38 x 10-23 J/K) (a) the average kinetic energy of a molecule, (b) the total random kinetic energy of all the molecules, and (c) the rms speed of a moleculearrow_forward(a) How many atoms of helium gas fill a spherical balloon of diameter 30.8 cm at 18.0°C and 1.00 atm? atoms (b) What is the average kinetic energy of the helium atoms? ] (c) What is the rms speed of the helium atoms? km/sarrow_forward
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