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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The given Cu2++ 4Cl- ⇌ CuCl2−4 reaction as Arrhenius, Brønsted - Lowry, or Lewis acid-base reactions has to be classified.
Concept introduction:
Acid release hydrogen ion in water, Base release hydroxide ions in water.
HCl(aq) →H+(aq) + Cl-(aq).........AcidNaOH(aq) →Na+(aq)+ OH-(aq)...........Base
An acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions, H3O+ when dissolved in water.
Bronsted –Lowry definitions:
A Bronsted –Lowry acid is a proton donor, it donates a hydrogen ion (H+), a Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor, it accepts a hydrogen ion (H+).
Lewis definition:
A Lewis acid is a substance that can accept and share an electron pair. A Lewis base is a substance that can donate and share an electron pair.
(b)
Interpretation:
The given Al(OH)3 + 3HNO3 ⇌ Al3++ 3H2O + 3NO−3 reaction as Arrhenius, Brønsted - Lowry, or Lewis acid-base reactions has to be classified.
Concept introduction:
Arrhenius Acids and Bases:
Acid release hydrogen ion in water, Base release hydroxide ions in water.
HCl(aq) →H+(aq) + Cl-(aq).........AcidNaOH(aq) →Na+(aq)+ OH-(aq)...........Base
An acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions, H3O+ when dissolved in water.
Bronsted –Lowry definitions:
A Bronsted –Lowry acid is a proton donor, it donates a hydrogen ion (H+), a Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor, it accepts a hydrogen ion (H+).
Lewis definition:
A Lewis acid is a substance that can accept and share an electron pair. A Lewis base is a substance that can donate and share an electron pair.
(c)
Interpretation:
The given N2 + 2H2 ⇌ 2NH3 reaction as Arrhenius, Brønsted - Lowry, or Lewis acid-base reactions has to be classified.
Concept introduction:
Arrhenius Acids and Bases:
Acid release hydrogen ion in water, Base release hydroxide ions in water.
HCl(aq) →H+(aq) + Cl-(aq).........AcidNaOH(aq) →Na+(aq)+ OH-(aq)...........Base
An acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions, H3O+ when dissolved in water.
Bronsted –Lowry definitions:
A Bronsted –Lowry acid is a proton donor, it donates a hydrogen ion (H+), a Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor, it accepts a hydrogen ion (H+).
Lewis definition:
A Lewis acid is a substance that can accept and share an electron pair. A Lewis base is a substance that can donate and share an electron pair.
(d)
Interpretation:
The given H2O + CN- ⇌ HCN + OH- reaction as Arrhenius, Brønsted - Lowry, or Lewis acid-base reactions has to be classified.
Concept introduction:
Arrhenius Acids and Bases:
Acid release hydrogen ion in water, Base release hydroxide ions in water.
HCl(aq) →H+(aq) + Cl-(aq).........AcidNaOH(aq) →Na+(aq)+ OH-(aq)...........Base
An acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions, H3O+ when dissolved in water.
Bronsted –Lowry definitions:
A Bronsted –Lowry acid is a proton donor, it donates a hydrogen ion (H+), a Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor, it accepts a hydrogen ion (H+).
Lewis definition:
A Lewis acid is a substance that can accept and share an electron pair. A Lewis base is a substance that can donate and share an electron pair.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
- Part C IN H N. Br₂ (2 equiv.) AlBr3 Draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the Tools (for bonds and + e (×) H± 12D T EXP. L CONT. דarrow_forward9. OA. Rank the expected boiling points of the compounds shown below from highest to lowest. Place your answer appropriately in the box. Only the answer in the box will be graded. (3) points) OH OH بر بد بدید 2 3arrow_forwardThere is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS). Ca, ppm V, ppm SCa, arb. units SV, arb. units 20.0 10.0 14375.11 14261.02 40.0 10.0 36182.15 17997.10 60.0 10.0 39275.74 12988.01 80.0 10.0 57530.75 14268.54 100.0…arrow_forward
- A mixture of 0.568 M H₂O, 0.438 M Cl₂O, and 0.710 M HClO are enclosed in a vessel at 25 °C. H₂O(g) + C₁₂O(g) = 2 HOCl(g) K = 0.0900 at 25°C с Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each gas at 25 °C. [H₂O]= [C₁₂O]= [HOCI]= M Σ Marrow_forwardWhat units (if any) does the response factor (K) have? Does the response factor (K) depend upon how the concentration is expressed (e.g. molarity, ppm, ppb, etc.)?arrow_forwardProvide the structure, circle or draw, of the monomeric unit found in the biological polymeric materials given below. HO OH amylose OH OH 행 3 HO cellulose OH OH OH Ho HOarrow_forward
- OA. For the structure shown, rank the bond lengths (labeled a, b and c) from shortest to longest. Place your answer in the box. Only the answer in the box will be graded. (2 points) H -CH3 THe b Нarrow_forwardDon't used hand raitingarrow_forwardQuizzes - Gen Organic & Biological Che... ☆ myd21.lcc.edu + O G screenshot on mac - Google Search savings hulu youtube google disney+ HBO zlib Homework Hel...s | bartleby cell bio book Yuzu Reader: Chemistry G periodic table - Google Search b Home | bartleby 0:33:26 remaining CHEM 120 Chapter 5_Quiz 3 Page 1: 1 > 2 > 3 > 6 ¦ 5 > 4 > 7 ¦ 1 1 10 8 ¦ 9 a ¦ -- Quiz Information silicon-27 A doctor gives a patient 0.01 mC i of beta radiation. How many beta particles would the patient receive in I minute? (1 Ci = 3.7 x 10 10 d/s) Question 5 (1 point) Saved Listen 2.22 x 107 222 x 108 3.7 x 108 2.22 x 108 none of the above Question 6 (1 point) Listen The recommended dosage of 1-131 for a test is 4.2 μCi per kg of body mass. How many millicuries should be given to a 55 kg patient? (1 mCi = 1000 μСi)? 230 mCiarrow_forward
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