Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 3P
Where Do the O Atoms in Organisms Come From? Name three principal inorganic sources of oxygen atoms that are commonly available in the inanimate environment and readily accessible to the biosphere.
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The pure “fire air” consumed by a burning candle in a sealed glass jar, or by a mouse during aerobic respiration (in experiments conducted by Joseph Priestley), contains which of the following elements?
hydrogen and carbon (derived from the C6H12O6 produced by plants during photosynthesis)
carbon and oxygen (derived from the CO2 consumed by plants during photosynthesis)
carbon only (derived from the C6H12O6 produced by plants during photosynthesis)
hydrogen only (derived from the H2O produced by plants during photosynthesis)
oxygen only (derived from the O2 produced by plants during photosynthesis)
The Miller- Urey Experiment
In the Stanley Miller and Harald Urey designed experiments that tested Alexander Oparin's and J.B.S. Haldane's hypothesis that conditions on the primitive Earth favored chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler organic precursors. Miller and Urey used an apparatus that recreated the conditions of what a primitive Earth was thought to consist of at the time. Methane, hydrogen , and steam were all Included to recreate conditions similar to that of a primitive Earth. Their goal was to create complex organic molecules from the simple organic molecules that were believed to be part of primitive Earth's makeup. The Miller- Urey experiment was run for a week and the samples collected were analyzedAnalysis showed that some of the carbon in the apparatus was converted to amino acids molecules, In later experiments , similar to Miller and Urey's, it has been shown that it is possible to form all 20 amino acids commonly found in…
A) Briefly explain what oxygen is?
B) Is the surplus of oxygen in our atmosphere a requirement for life, or a product of life?
provide 3 points of evidence with explanation of each point
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 17 - Global Carbon Dioxide Cycling Expressed as Human...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2PCh. 17 - Where Do the O Atoms in Organisms Come From? Name...Ch. 17 - How Do Catabolism and Anabolism Differ? What are...Ch. 17 - How Art the Enzymes of Metabolic Pathways...Ch. 17 - Why Do Anabolic and Catabolic Pathways Differ? Why...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7PCh. 17 - How Is Metabolism Regulated? (Integrates with...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9PCh. 17 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 17 - Which Is “Better: NMR or MS? Compare and...Ch. 17 - How Do Vitamin-Derived Coenzymes Aid Metabolism?...Ch. 17 - What Art the Features of the Series of -omes?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14PCh. 17 - Prob. 15PCh. 17 - Prob. 16PCh. 17 - Prob. 17PCh. 17 - Prob. 18PCh. 17 - Which of the following experimental approaches is...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Why is oxygen when unbound to any other material can be toxic to life?arrow_forwardWhat makes carbon's electron structure so adaptable in the creation of many biomolecules?arrow_forwardThe movement of energy between living organisms is a matter of atoms, molecules and compounds being built into larger molecules or being broke into smaller ones. Reviewing the two equations for energy transference, which one is building energy? 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy --------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energyarrow_forward
- Which of the summary statements below describes the results of the following reaction? C6H1206 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy O C6H1206 is oxidized and O2 is reduced. O 02 is oxidized and H20 is reduced. O CO2 is reduced and 02 is oxidized. O 02 is reduced and CO2 is oxidized.arrow_forwardWhich electrically-neutral molecules are generated when complex IV (of the mitochondrial electron transport chain) adds 4 electrons and 4 protons to one molecule of diatomic oxygen gas? two molecules of the superoxide free radical two molecules of hydrogen peroxide two molecules of water two molecules of the hydroxide ion two molecules of the hydroxyl free radicalarrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of molecules, indicate which member of the pair is reduced and which is oxidized, and which has more chemical energy and which has less chemical energy: NAD1/NADH; FAD/FADH2;CO2/C6H12O6.arrow_forward
- Why is it beneficial for the cells to use ATP rather than directly using the energy stored in the bonds of carbohydrates to power cellular reactions ? What are the greatest drawbacks to harnessing energy from the bonds of several different compounds ?arrow_forwardPut these three molecules in the order of most oxidized to least oxidized. > нн нс-с-н нн H н-с-с I Н 0= OH нн II H-C-C-OН II ннarrow_forwardWhat is a hydride ion (H)? OA) the compound transferred to NAD+ in a reduction reaction. B) a hydrogen atom with and a extra electron C) the anion of hydrogen D) A and C OE) A, B and Carrow_forward
- Describe the cycle of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) (only one) and include one paragraph overview, explaining the movement of the compounds of this element between the Earth’s spheres (including relative amounts) and how these movements are accompanied by changes in chemical forms.arrow_forwardc) The pH values of the different compartments are shown below: Matrix Intermembrane space Cytosol pH 7.8 – 8.0 pH ~ 7.0pH 7.0 – 7.4 How can you explain these values in terms of what is known about mitochondrial function?arrow_forwardWhat happens to a molecule that is reduced during a chemical rxn? a) gains an oxygen b) becomes more positively charged c) loses a H d) gains an electronarrow_forward
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