Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 15PS
Interpreting Data Average brain size, relative to body mass, gives a rough indication of the intelligence of a species. Graph the data below for anthropoids. Homo naledi, which was discovered in 2015, had a mean brain of 510 cm3; its mean body mass was 37 kg. What do these data imply about the intelligence of H. naledi compared to other hominids?
| Anthropoid Species | Mean Brain Volume (cm3) | Mean Body Mass (kg) |
| Australopithecus afarensis | 440 | 37 |
| Chimpanzee | 405 | 46 |
| Gorilla | 500 | 105 |
| Homo erectus | 940 | 58 |
| Homo habilis | 610 | 34 |
| Homo neanderthalensis | 1480 | 65 |
| Homo sapiens | 1330 | 64 |
| Paranthropus boisei | 490 | 41 |
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 17 - Bilateral symmetry in the animal kingdom is best...Ch. 17 - Identify which of the following categories...Ch. 17 - The oldest group of tetrapods is the _____.Ch. 17 - Reptiles are much more extensively adapted to life...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5SQCh. 17 - Prob. 6SQCh. 17 - Prob. 7SQCh. 17 - Prob. 8SQCh. 17 - Prob. 9IMTCh. 17 - Prob. 10IMT
Ch. 17 - Prob. 11IMTCh. 17 - Prob. 12PSCh. 17 - Vegan and vegetarian diets are increasingly...Ch. 17 - What adaptations inherited from our primate...Ch. 17 - Interpreting Data Average brain size, relative to...Ch. 17 - Coral reefs harbor a greater diversity of animals...Ch. 17 - The size of the human brain has not changed in the...
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- Write briefly about the "hobbit" species of hominin. What are the theories about its evolution? What was the species like? When and where did it exist? (Homo floresiensis)arrow_forwardDescribe three derived characteristics of mammals which are advantageous to the occupation of a variety of habitats. Identify three novel characteristics that distinguish hominins from other apes and mammals.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a "derived" versus a “primitive" trait? Give an example of both, seen in Au. afarensis. Which of the paleoenvironment hypotheses have been used to describe early hominin diversity, and which have been used to describe bipedalism? Which anatomical features for bipedalism do we see in early hominins? Are these primarily obligate bipeds? Explain. Describe the dentition of gracile and robust australopithecines. What might these tell us about their relative diets? List the hominin species argued to be associated with stone tool technologies. Are you convinced of these associations? Why/why not?arrow_forward
- Adaptations are physical or behavioral traits that help an organism survive in its environment. What are some of the adaptations in the evolution of hominins that allowed for the evolution of the genus Homo to evolve (eventually) into modern humans (Homo sapiens)? (Note: you don’t have to explain why these adaptations allowed the genus to evolve, just list some of the adaptations.)arrow_forwardSince Ardipithecus ramidus is now known to be bipedal, then it is likely that [Select] [Select] hominids developed bipedalism in a wooded environment hominids developed bipedalism because of thermoregulation hominids developed bipedalism in an open savannah environment hominids developed bipedalism from birds (do not pick this one) hominids developed bipedalism to carry objects across open areasarrow_forwardSeveral hypotheses have been proposed as explanations for hominin evolution and the emergence of bipedalism. Which hypothesis do you think provides the most convincing explanation? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- What hypothesis is a true statement connecting to early hominin behavior seems the most plausible? True or False Dental specializations are unlike any living primate today, so it is impossible to infer their dietary behavior.True or False Dental and muscular specializations indicate that powerful chewing aided by large teeth relative to body size was important, much as in the extant orangutans. True or False Dental specializations indicate an increased amount of meat in their diets.arrow_forwardThus far, there is agreement that all hominins found outside Africa are members of which genus? Group of answer choices Paranthropus Erectus Ardipithecus Australopithecus Homoarrow_forwardAccording to "Homo naledi – New Questions on Human Evolution ", why was it significant that the bones were found to be articulated (their bones hadn’t separated from each other)? A.The individuals arrived in the cave either alive or shortly after the died. B.The individuals had decomposed outside of the cave, and other Homo naledi individuals put their skeletons together inside the cave. C.The bodies must have been placed in bags or coffins to keep the skeleton together as the body degraded. D.None of these are correctarrow_forward
- Describe and discuss the importance of at least three specific skeletal features (these can be either cranial or post-cranial) that are unique to early hominins, that distinguished them from the ancestors of modern chimpanzees. 150 words minimumarrow_forwardDescribe some of the key characteristics of Homo habilis - the first species in our genus "homo". What traits set this species apart from earlier hominins? e.g. Brain size? What kind of tools did they make? when did they live? diet? etc. Include a personal reflection on what stood out to you about Homo habilis.arrow_forwardOn the back of the human skull, there is a small bump, below which is an opening where the spinal cord enters the skull. Which of the following statements provides the best evolutionary explanation for the location of the opening near the base of the skull? It is associated with the change to a bipedal stance. It provided greater protection for the spinal cord. It allowed for the hominin brain to grow much larger than other primates. This change was necessary for the increase in size from prosimian forms to anthropoid forms.arrow_forward
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