Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 14TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Transcription is the process in which single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) is produced from double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This process takes place inside the nucleus. The DNA is first replicated and then it undergoes a process wherein RNA is formed and finally this RNA is converted into proteins via the translation process.
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Which of the following statements are NOT true?
A. Replication is the process of making DNA and takes place in the nucleus of prokaryotic cells.
B. Translation produces a polypeptide that may require additional processing to become a functional protein
C. Transcription starts at the promoter of eukaryotic cells and scans until reaches the start codon.
D. Splicing results in exons being put together and introns being removed
Match the correct terms with its definition A. Transcription B. Translation C. Amino acid D. Dehydration ..........1. Process of producing a polypeptide from mRNA. ..........2. Process that forms messenger RNA from a DNA gene. ..........3. RNA polymerase is continuous by adding nucleotides complementary to the DNA template. ..........4. Small ribosome subunit binds to mRNA, and tRNA enters the P active site on the ribosome. ..........5. Processes of monomers are linked together to synthesize a biological polymer. ..........6. The building blocks of protein.
Specific amino acids attached to molecules of tRNA, while antocodons align with codons of mRNA describes, in part
a.replication
b.transcription
c.translation
d.recombinant DNA formation
e.cellular activation
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 17 - How do you feel about the creation and then...Ch. 17 - How far should we go–to what lengths and at what...Ch. 17 - Describe how DNA is replicated before cell...Ch. 17 -
2. Compare and contrast the processes of...Ch. 17 - Explain what mutations are and the role of DNA...Ch. 17 - Name the four phases of mitosis and describe...Ch. 17 -
5. Explain why only one large egg is formed...Ch. 17 - Describe what is meant by selective gene...Ch. 17 - Explain how factors present in the environment can...Ch. 17 - Describe how ribosomes contribute to the formation...
Ch. 17 - Prob. 9CRCh. 17 - Prob. 10CRCh. 17 - What would be the outcome if a cell completed...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2TYCh. 17 - Prob. 3TYCh. 17 - Prob. 4TYCh. 17 - Which of the following are listed in order from...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6TYCh. 17 - Which is likely to be the shortest chain of...Ch. 17 - How many different amino acids could be encoded if...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9TYCh. 17 - Why do cells within an organism differentiate,...Ch. 17 - Which method of cloning is most similar to the way...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12TYCh. 17 - Prob. 13TYCh. 17 - Prob. 14TYCh. 17 -
15. How does the production of sperm differ from...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 17 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 17 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 17 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 17 - Mitochondria contain their own DNA that is...Ch. 17 - Bacteria can reproduce by simple cell division....
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A.) There is no change in the DNA sequence if nucleotides are added or removed, it will have no effect to the cell. B.) Mutations in the DNA sequence are all irreversible. A. Statement A is correct B. Statement B is correct C. Both A and B are correct D. Both A and B are incorrectarrow_forwardThe _______________ catalyzes the excision of introns from pre-mRNA. (a) ribosome (b) spliceosome (c) RNA polymerase enzyme (d) aminoacyl–tRNA synthetase enzyme (e) reverse transcriptase enzymearrow_forwardNumber the following steps of protein synthesis in the order in which they occur, starting with 1 and ending with 9.a. _____ The stop codon is reached, and the polypeptide is released.b. _____ The small ribosomal subunit finds the start codon, and the large ribosomal subunit joins.c. _____ The end of the gene is reached, and the pre-mRNA is released and then edited.d. _____ The transcription factor binds the promoter.e. _____ The protein is folded and modified to become functional.f. _____ RNA polymerase builds the mRNA transcript.g. _____ mRNA and initiator tRNA bind the small ribosomal subunit.h. _____ New tRNA molecules are brought into the A site successively, and the peptide chain of the tRNA in the P site is joined to the amino acid of the tRNA in the A site.i. _____ mRNA exits the nucleus via a nuclear pore.arrow_forward
- Each of the following statements about protein synthesis is false.Correct each to make a true statement. a. In a gene, each nucleotide specifies one amino acid in a protein sequence. b. A transcription factor must bind to the promoter region of a gene before the enzyme DNA synthetase is able to bind and begin transcription. c. The enzyme RNA polymerase builds a strand of transfer RNA, whose codons are complementary to DNA’s triplets. d. Proteins destined for secretion from the cell enter the nucleus after translation, to be folded and modified. e. During translation, amino acids are delivered by the messenger RNA transcriparrow_forwardSelect the description of an intron. (If possible, please explain why it is that answer) a.) sequence of adenine nucleotides added onto the end of pre‑mRNA b.) modified form of a guanine nucleotide added onto the end of pre‑mRNA c.) coding portion of a DNA sequence that is present in mature mRNA d.) noncoding portion of a DNA sequence that is removed from pre‑mRNAarrow_forwardReverse transcriptase assembles a(n)_____ on a(n)_____ template. a. mRNA; DNA c. DNA; ribosome b. cDNA; mRNA d. protein; mRNAarrow_forward
- during translation, each codon on the mRNA complementary base pairs with an snticodon on......arrow_forwardThe process by which the non-coding sequences (= _______ ) of eukaryotic genes are removed is referred to as ________ . Question 14 options: exons … recombination exons … splicing introns … deletion introns … splicing transposons … recombinationarrow_forwardWhat factors are utilized by the cell in order to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery? A. elongation factors B. release factors C. transcription factors D. initiation factors E. mRNA factorsarrow_forward
- The genetic code is defined as a series of _______________ in _______________. (a) anticodons; tRNA (b) codons; DNA (c) anticodons; mRNA (d) codons; mRNA (e) codons and anticodons; rRNAarrow_forward8) Which of these describes the function of RNA polymerase? A. Amplifies the “message" by making multiple copies of an mRNA molecule after it has been transcribed from DNA B. Converts a protein sequence to mRNAarrow_forwardAfter transcription, the molecule that is formed is a.complementary to part of one strand of DNA. b.complementary to both strands of DNA. c.double-stranded and inside the nucleus. d.identical to an entire single strand of DNA.arrow_forward
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