STL container classes:
An object which holds a collection of values or other objects is termed as container.
There are two types of container class:
- sequence
- associative
Associative container:
Associative container is the process of storing the data in a non-sequential order in memory.
Example of associative container:
- set
- map
- multiset
- multimap
- unordered_map
Set:
A “set” belongs to an associative container which holds a group of unique values. STL class template can be used to implement a “set” container.
- Only unique elements should be stored in the set. It should not have the same value for two elements.
- The elements contains in the set are automatically sorted in ascending order.
- In order to use “set” class, the header file “#include<set>” should be included in the program.
Multiset:
A “multiset” is an associative container which holds the duplicate elements. STL class template can be used to implement a “multiset” container.
- The multiset can store duplicate elements. The two elements can have same values.
- The element present in a multiset cannot be modified in the container but can be inserted or deleted.
- In order to use multiset class “# include” the “<set>” header file in the program.
“count()” member function:
The “count()” member function searches the element which matches the specified element in the container and returns the number of matches.
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Starting Out with C++ from Control Structures to Objects (9th Edition)
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