Case Summary:
An autonomic response in an extremely angry condition and finished eating and relaxing condition.
Adequate Information:
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) controls the unconscious movement of the body. It has two important divisions’ sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. They are present on the preganglionic neuron of the CNS and autonomic ganglia of the PNS. The sympathetic axons travel through the sympathetic chain ganglia to their target cell. The parasympathetic axons travel from cranial and sacral nerves to the target cells.
To determine:
The name of the response controlled by ANS
- In an extremely angry person.
- In a person who is relaxing after finishing his meals.
Given Information:
The autonomic nervous system activates the sympathetic response when the person is extremely angry, which innervates adrenal glands. It activates the parasympathetic response when the person is resting after finishing his meal, which innervates the digestive tract.
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SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
- Name the neurotransmitters employed by the ANS and define terms for neurons and synapses with different neurotransmitter and receptor types?;arrow_forwardDescribe the effect of parasympathetic innervation on each visceral organ innervated by the division of the ANS, especially the heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, adrenal medulla, and external genitalia.arrow_forwardGive two exceptions to the generalization that organs areinnervated by both divisions of the ANS.arrow_forward
- The ANS is subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Review the differences between these two divisions by filling in the table below: Characteristic Sympathetic or Parasympathetic? Calms you down — "rest and digest" ["", ""] Pumps you up — "fight or flight" ["", ""] Preganglionic neuron long, postganglionic neuron short ["", ""] Preganglionic neuron short, postganglionic neuron long ["", ""] Arises from cranial or sacral spinal nerves ["", ""] Arises from spinal nerves T1-L2 ["", ""] Synapses near the spinal cord ["", ""] Synapses near the target organ ["", ""] Increases heart and respiratory rate ["", ""] Stimulates…arrow_forwardIn terms of neurotransmitters and receptors, explain why the two divisions of the ANS can have contrasting effects on the same organs?arrow_forwardThere are 2 neurons in the ANS pathway – a preganglionic neuron and a postganglionic neuron. Describe each neuron (short or long) and what neurotransmitter is released from each neuron. Describe the neurons for each division of the ANS: (short description, NOT essay )arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the best way to describe how the ANS is controlled? (a) completely under control of voluntary cerebral cortex, (b) entirely controls itself, (c) completely under control of brain stem, (d) little control by cerebrum, major control by hypothalamus and amygdaloid body, and major control by spinal and peripheral reflexes.arrow_forwardList the divisions of the ANS.arrow_forwardDefine sympathetic chain ganglionarrow_forward
- Describe the effect of sympathetic innervation on each effector organ, especially the heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, adrenal medulla, and external genitalia.arrow_forwardA) Explain what dual innervation means with regard to the autonomic nervous system. B) Using the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive systems as examples, explain how dual innervation regulates the function of each system.arrow_forwarddescribe three things about the autonomic nervous system (ANS)and In those three things, be sure to contrast the differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Also, include what might happen if a portion of the ANS malfunctioned. "NOT A HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT"arrow_forward
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