Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The genetic code refers to the set of rules through which the information encoded in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA sequences are translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins. It is the means of transferring the flow of genetic information in the living cells.
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Procedure
This activity will use the Human β-hemoglobin gene, which is mutated in sickle cell anemia, with the following sequences of the first thirty (30) nucleotides: TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CAC CTC TTC AGA...
1. First transcribe the DNA sequence into the mRNA sequence.
2. Refer to the genetic code to write down the amino acid sequence that these 30 nucleotides encode beginning with the first nucleotide.
3. Generate a random number (1-30) by drawing lots in a bowl. Then locate the DNA nucleotide to "mutate" using the number drawn as the position along the gene.
4. "Roll" the tetrahedron "mutator" dice (see direction below for making the tetrahedron "mutator" dice). Note the letter on the side that is flat on the table. That is the nucleotide that will replace the nucleotide in the DNA at the position decided in the previous step.
5. Write the mutant nucleotide sequence in the row for Mutation 1, then analyze mutation.
a. If it is the same nucleotide, write same nucleotide…
Which of the following would restore a gene back to its proper reading frame?
A. one insertion that contained 3 nucleotides
B. three insertions that contained two nucleotides each
C. one deletion of 2 nucleotides and one insertion of 3 nucleotides.
D. two insertions that contained one nucleotide each
Define the following terms: a. transcript b. proteome c. metabolome d. double helix e. base stacking
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16 - 2. Which of the following is an important...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 16 - A minimal genetic code requires only 21 codons–one...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 16 - MODEL Draw a hypothetical metabolic pathway in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10TYPSS
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In 1964, Nirenberg and Leder used the triplet binding assay to determine specific codon assignments. A complex of which of the following components was trapped in the nitrocellulose filter? (More than one may apply). A. Synthetic mRNA B. DNA C. Anti-codons D. Radioactive amino acids E. Large ribosomal subunits F. Small ribosomal subunitsarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. proteomics b. translation C. genetic code d. antibiotic resistance e. B-lactamarrow_forwardThe chain termination method of sequencing: a. uses labeled ddNTPs b. uses only dideoxynucleotides c. uses only deoxynucleotides d. uses labeled dNTPsarrow_forward
- The original DNA base sequence is 5’-AGCGTTACCGT-3’; a mutation in the DNA strand results in the base sequence 5’-AGGCGTTACCGT-3’. What can you conclude about the mutation? A. It is a frameshift mutation. B. It is a silent mutation. C. It is a deleterious mutation. D. It may result in a single amino acid change in the protein being coded for by this base sequence.arrow_forwardUse the first picture and codon table to answer the following questions.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are accurate descriptions of the genetic code? MARK ALL THAT APPLY Select one or more: a. The genetic code is made up of triplet nucleotides that specify an amino acid. b. The genetic code is unambiguous because codons only specific a single amino acid. C. The genetic code is read in an overlapping manner. d. The genetic code is redundant because a single codon can specify more than one amino acid. e. Some amino acids are encoded by more than one codon. f. All codons of the genetic code specify amino acids.arrow_forward
- Which of the following does the enzyme primase synthesize? a. DNA primer b. RNA primer c. Okazaki fragments d. phosphodiester linkagearrow_forwardDegeneracy of the genetic code denotes the existence of which of the following? A. codons that can wobble at the 5' position B. multiple codons for a single amino acid C. codons consisting of only two bases D. base triplets that do not code for any amino acid E. codons that are not overlappingarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are NOT true? A. Replication is the process of making DNA and takes place in the nucleus of prokaryotic cells. B. Translation produces a polypeptide that may require additional processing to become a functional protein C. Transcription starts at the promoter of eukaryotic cells and scans until reaches the start codon. D. Splicing results in exons being put together and introns being removedarrow_forward
- You wished to develop a genetically engineered E. Coli to produce a peptide hormone. You know the amino acid sequence of the peptide. Describe the sequence of steps you would use to obtain a culture expressing the gene as a peptide hormone.arrow_forwardMatch the following polymerases with their function. + DNA Polymerase III DNA polymerase I + RNA polymerase + RNA polymerase II A. Polymerase responsible for proofreading DNA B. Polymerase responsible for making prokaryotic mRNA C. Polymerase responsible for making eukaryotic MRNA D. Polymerase responsible for making prokaryotic DNAarrow_forwardBelow is an electron micrograph illustrating the process of simultaneous transcription and translation in a prokaryotic cell. Use this illustration to answer the question. A. Which of the following statements is correct? 1. The direction indicated by A, is the correct direction of RNA polymerase movement. 2. If C and D are both pointing to the first ribosome in the chain, then ribosome C is carrying a longer polypeptide chain. 3. If E is pointing to mRNA, then it is pointing to the 5'end of the mRNA. 4. If B is pointing to the DNA, then it is pointing to the 5' end of the DNA. O A. 1, 2 and 3 O B. 1 and 3 O C. 2 and4 O D. 4 only O E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correctarrow_forward
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