Chapter 16, Problem 39P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound having molecular formula ${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_7{\text{ClO}}_2$ on the basis of its ${}^{13}C$ NMR spectrum is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In ${}^{13}C$ NMR, a separate peak is observed for each distinct carbon atom.

The number of signals in a spectrum gives information about the type of carbon atoms present in the structure of the compound.

In ${}^{13}C$ NMR, the chemical shift depends on the electronegativity of the group attached to carbon atom and the hybridization of the carbon atom.

The electronegative atom/group decreases the shielding of the carbon atom to which it is attached.

Index of hydrogen deficiency (IHD) is calculated by the equation as follows:

$\text{IHD}=\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}\left({\text{C}}_{\text{n}}{\text{H}}_{\text{2n+2}}{\text{-C}}_{\text{n}}{\text{H}}_{\text{x}}\right)$

Here, $C_n{H}_x$ is the molecular formula of the compound.

Oxygen atoms do not disturb the index of hydrogen deficiency.