Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 16, Problem 28Q
To determine
The reason why the results from SNO Sudbury Neutrino Observatory only provide an answer to the solar neutrino problem for relatively high energy neutrinos.
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Explain why there is the low number of observed solar neutrinos?
If you were located 100 km from a 1 GW nuclear power plant,what would the neutrino flux be at your location? Assume that a1 GW nuclear power plant releases 1021 neutrinos per second andyou present a 1 m2 surface to the neutrino flux.
We saw that, on Earth, the number flux of solar neutrinos from the p-p chain is 6.7E10 s-1 cm-2. Other nuclear reactions in the Sun supplement this neutrino flux with a small additional flux of higher-energy neutrinos. A neutrino detector in Japan, named Super Kamiokande, consists of a tank of 50kton of water, surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. The tubes detect the flash of Cerenkov radiation emitted by a recoiling electron when a high-energy neutrino scatters on it. Calculate the detection rate for neutrino scattering in events per day, if 10-6 of the solar neutrinos have a high enough energy to be detected by this experiment, and each electron poses a scattering cross section=10-43 cm. Hint: Consider the density of neutrino targets "seen" by an individual electron, with a relative velocity of c between the neutrinos and the electron, to obtain the rate at which one electron interacts with the incoming neutrinos, and multiply by the total number of electrons (I've already done this:…
Chapter 16 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
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- Considering your answer to the above question, how does this timescale for the Sun's evaporation by the solar wind compare to the age of the Universe? O The solar wind evaporation time is much longer than the age of the Universe O The solar wind evaporation time is much shorter than the age of the Universe. O The solar wind evaporation time is close to the age of the Universe (ie, within a few billion yearsarrow_forwardHow many days would it take for the particles to reach earth if thr solar wind speed increased to 2000 km/s?arrow_forwardHigh energy cosmic rays from space hit the nitrogen in the atmosphereand convert it from nitrogen (N14) into carbon (C14). This produces a steadyconcentration of C14 in the atmosphere once the decay rate of the C14 back intoN14 matches the conversion rate from the cosmic ray flux (which is assumedto be constant for reasons you can ask me about if you want) a) What kind of radiation (what kind of particle) does the C14 emit when it decays? Tellme how you know?b) The concentration of C14 in plants (and animals) comes into equilibrium with the at-mosphere because living things use the ambient carbon to make their cellular structures.However, once a plant dies, it no longer consumes C14. The C14 starts to decay away—allowing us to calculate when the plant died because the C14/C12 ratio doesn’t match theatmosphere. If the half life of C14 is 5000 years, what is the age of a piece of charcoal froma site from the Clovis peoples of North America if the concentration of C14 is 15% of…arrow_forward
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