Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 15, Problem 2AL
All of the subunits in bacterial RNA polymerases have homologues in both archaeal and eukaryotic RNA polymerases. What does this suggest about the evolution of these enzymes?
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The mechanisms of transcription and translation are virtually identical in species
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 15.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 15.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 15.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 15.3 - What functions are served by the 5 cap and the 3...Ch. 15.3 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What elements in archaeal...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 15.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply List two similarities and...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply How are cis-encoded RNAs,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1RCCh. 15 - Prob. 2RCCh. 15 - Prob. 3RCCh. 15 - Prob. 4RCCh. 15 - Prob. 5RCCh. 15 - Prob. 6RCCh. 15 - Prob. 7RCCh. 15 - Prob. 8RCCh. 15 - Prob. 9RCCh. 15 - Prob. 1ALCh. 15 - All of the subunits in bacterial RNA polymerases...Ch. 15 - Would you expect that one day microbiologists...Ch. 15 - In the chapter opening story, it was stated that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5AL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The mechanisms of transcription and translation are virtually identical in species from all three domains, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Which of the following hypotheses could be best supported by this evidence? * The mechanisms of transcription and translation presently found in living organisms are the only mechanisms that could effectively convert heredity information into protein structures. The mechanisms of transcription and translation are universal processes and therefore suggest a common ancestor for all forms of life. The similarity in these processes in all organisms suggests that convergent evolution has occurred. This evidence does not support a hypothesis because the products of transcription and translation vary widely. One of the prerequisites for chemical evolution on early Earth is that there was an adequate amount of time. This is an important assumption because there had to be enough time for which of the following to occur?*arrow_forwardIt has been suggested that the present-day triplet genetic codeevolved from a doublet code when there were fewer amino acidsavailable for primitive protein synthesis. As determined by comparisons of ancient and recently evolved proteins, cysteine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine appear to be latearriving amino acids. In addition, they are considered to have been absent in the abiotic Earth. All three of these amino acids have only two codons each, while many others, earlier in origin, have more. Is this mere coincidence, or might there be some underlying explanation?arrow_forwardThe Miller-Urey experiment is significant because it produced evidence that It is possible to have an RNA World with the condition on earth 4 billion years ago. It is possible to produce Last Universal Common Ancestor in the laboratory. It is possible to create amino acids with the condition on earth 4 billion years ago. It is possible to recreate the condition on earth 4 billion years ago to generate ribozyme.arrow_forward
- How does the archaeal RNA polymerase differ from that in Bacteria? How does the initiation of transcription in the two domains differ? Why do eukaryotic mRNAs have to be “processed” whereas most prokaryotic RNAs do not?arrow_forwardGeneticists have found that when they cut out a eukaryotic gene from genomic DNA that they can hybridize one of the strands of that gene to the mRNA for that gene by allowing the strands to hydrogen bond. Why did the appearance of these hybridized strands provide evidence of the existence of introns in eukaryotic genes?arrow_forwardList the functions of the three types of RNA polymerases in eukaryotes.arrow_forward
- In bacterial genes, as soon as any partial mRNA transcript is produced by the RNA polymerase system, the ribosome assembles on it and starts translating. Draw a diagram of this process, identifying 5′ and 3′ ends of mRNA, the COOH and NH2 ends of the protein, the RNA polymerase, and at least one ribosome. Why couldn’t this system work in eukaryotes?arrow_forwardHave introns been inserted into genes in the evolution of higher organisms? Or have introns been removed from genes to form the streamlined genomes of prokaryotes and simple eukaryotes?arrow_forwardWhat are examples of chemical modifications of transcribed RNA(tRNA) ineukaryotes vs. archaea or bacteria?arrow_forward
- One remarkable feature of the genetic code is that amino acids with similar chemical properties often have similar codons. thus codons with U or C as the second nucleotide tend to specify hydrophobic amino acids. Can you suggest a possible explanation for this phenomenon in terms of the early evolution of the protein-synthesis machinery?arrow_forwardWhat function do the prokaryotic rRNAs provide to the ribosome? Question 38 options: A) catalyze the formation of peptide bonds B) base-pair with the Shine-Dalgarno sequence during initiation C) base-pair with the mRNA codons D) base-pair with the tRNAs E) both A and B are correctarrow_forwardThe genes for ribosomal RNA are highly conserved(relatively few sequence changes) in all organisms onEarth; thus, they have evolved very slowly over time. Wereribosomal RNA genes “born” perfect?arrow_forward
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