Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 15, Problem 28RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The mechanism of action of atropine during sympathetic and parasympathetic neuron intervention in the frog’s heart.
Introduction: Activity of the circulatory system is greatly affected by different signaling bio-chemicals. Each molecule has its own mode of action of the different parts of the circulatory system. The concentration of these
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
a) A consequence of the Frank-Starling law of the heart is that the outputs of the right and left ventricles match. Explain why this is important and how this match is made.b) The excitation-contraction matching mechanism within the heart muscle is different from that of the skeletal muscle. How might these differences be related to the difference between action potentials in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?
Consider the ventricular cardiomyocyte action potential shown below:
a) Which phase of the cardiac myocyte action potential would be most significantly affected by the L-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine?
b) Draw the predicted effects of nifedipine on the cardiac myocyte action potential.
When given an image of a cardiac contractile cell, such as the one below, describe
the steps that occur during excitation-contraction coupling (the "before step 1" step
show with the squiggly red arrow below), contraction (steps 1-6 below) AND
relaxation (steps 7-10 belowl). Be sure to fully describe the role of Ca¹² ATPase and
Na+Ca+2 exchanger (NCX) in steps 9 and 101
ECF
ICF
SR
Ca2+
RyR
Cat sparks
Ca signal
Contraction
Ca
channel
T-tubule
2 K
ATP
ATP
3 Na
Ca²+
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Cat stores
(SR)
3 Nat Ca
NCX
Relaxation
Ca2+
Actin
Myosin
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 15.2 - Would you expect to find valves in the veins...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.2 - Who has the higher pulse pressure, someone with...Ch. 15.2 - The formula given for calculating MAP applies to a...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 15.3 - Resistance to blood flow is determined primarily...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 15.3 - Prob. 8CCCh. 15.3 - Skeletal muscle arterioles have both - and...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 11CCCh. 15.5 - Prob. 12CCCh. 15.5 - In the classic movie Jurassic Park, Dr. Ian...Ch. 15.6 - A man with liver disease loses the ability to...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 15CCCh. 15.7 - Prob. 16CCCh. 15.7 - Malnourished children who have inadequate protein...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1RQCh. 15 - Prob. 2RQCh. 15 - Prob. 3RQCh. 15 - Prob. 4RQCh. 15 - Prob. 5RQCh. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - List the factors that aid venous return to the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8RQCh. 15 - Prob. 9RQCh. 15 - Prob. 10RQCh. 15 - Prob. 11RQCh. 15 - Most systemic arterioles are innervated by the...Ch. 15 - Match each event in the left column with all...Ch. 15 - Which organs receive more than two-thirds of the...Ch. 15 - By looking at the density of capillaries in a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 16RQCh. 15 - Prob. 17RQCh. 15 - Define edema. List some ways in which it can...Ch. 15 - Prob. 19RQCh. 15 - Prob. 20RQCh. 15 - Calcium channel blockers prevent Ca2+ movement...Ch. 15 - Prob. 22RQCh. 15 - Prob. 23RQCh. 15 - Define myogenic autoregulation. What mechanisms...Ch. 15 - Left ventricular failure may be accompanied by...Ch. 15 - Robert is a 52-year-old nonsmoker. He weighs 180...Ch. 15 - The following figure is a schematic representation...Ch. 15 - Prob. 28RQCh. 15 - Draw a reflex map that explains Anthonys vasovagal...Ch. 15 - Prob. 30RQCh. 15 - Prob. 31RQCh. 15 - Prob. 32RQCh. 15 - Prob. 33RQCh. 15 - Prob. 34RQCh. 15 - Prob. 35RQCh. 15 - Prob. 36RQCh. 15 - Prob. 37RQCh. 15 - Prob. 38RQCh. 15 - Prob. 39RQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If all plasma membrane Ca21 channels in contractile cardiac muscle cells were blocked with a drug, what would happen to the muscle’s action potentials and contraction?arrow_forwardKnowing that a patient with chronic heart failure is using digoxin (digitalis) for more than 1 year, what effect has this treatment on the distribution of ions across the membrane of cardiac muscle cells? What is effect will be of digitalis on cardiac contractility? What is an inotropic effect? How does digitalis help to treat patients with heart failure?arrow_forwardDuring rhythmic, moderately intense aerobic exercise, there is a redistribution of blood flow throughout the body. Which of the following statements is true? O beta-2 receptors cause dilation and increased blood flow to the exercising muscle there is a large increase in blood flow to the brain to keep you alert mean arterial pressure increases 5-8x due to a similar increase in total cardiac output blood flow to the kidneys and gut increases due to the presence of alpha-2 receptorsarrow_forward
- Describe the action potential of an autorhythmic cell in the heart.a) Indicate how the opening and closing of each ion channel affects the membrane potential of the cell.b) Provide one similarity between the action potential of an autorhythmic cell and the action potential of a neuron.c) Provide one difference between the action potential of an autorhythmic cell and the action potential of a neuron.arrow_forwardBelow are drawings of three different action potentials. Two of these occur in the heart, and one occurs in skeletal muscle. Which one comes from a contractile cardiac muscle cell? A skeletal muscle cell? A cardiac pacemaker cell? For each one, state which ion is responsible for the depolarization phase and which ion is responsible for the repolarization phase.arrow_forward1) If a heart lacked gap junctions, an organ-level contraction would occur.True/False 2) We care about mean arterial pressure specifically because we care about having an appropriate rate of blood flow through capillaries. True/False 3) A person's L-type channels are mutated so that they do not inactivate. How would this affect the time duration of a cardiac action potential? Group of answer choices a)Increase b)No change c)Decrease 4) A person's L-type channels are mutated so that they do not inactivate. How would this affect the time duration of a cardiac muscle cell contraction? Group of answer choices a)Increase b)No change c)Decreasearrow_forward
- A 32-year-old male is diagnosed with primary hypertension. His physician recommends a new drug for hypertension that acts by decreasing vascular smooth muscle contractile activity without affecting ventricular contractility. Which of the following is the most likely site of action for the new drug? a. -adrenergic receptors b. Calmodulin c. Troponin d. Tropomyosin e. Protein kinase A (Please don't give handwritten solution)arrow_forwardIn a standard EPS, briefly explain what is the difference between “pacing after sensing” and “fixed pacing”; in the study of inducibility to ventricular tachycardia (VT)?arrow_forwardThe muscle cells of a heart chamber work as a functional syncytium. In terms of heart function this means... A) All the cardiac muscle cells are controlled by one motor neuron, resulting in coordinated contraction. B) All the cardiac muscle cells are electrically connected by gap junctions, resulting in coordinated contraction. C) All the cardiac muscle cells are stimulated to contract by hormone release, resulting in near-coordinated contraction. D) All the cardiac muscle cells contract independently of each other (fibrillation).arrow_forward
- Consider the effect of a twofold increase in the ECF concentration of Na+ or K+ ions. Which increase in ion concentration is the more deadly and why? Hint: Consider if the calculated decrease in or the increase in bring the resting membrane potential of the nerve or muscle cell closer to threshold potential? Why would this change in ion concentration stop the heart from beating?arrow_forwardIn a standard EPS, briefly explain what is the difference between the used terms of “fixed pacing” and “pacing after sensing”, in the study part for testing inducibility to ventricular tachycardia (VT).arrow_forwardIn which direction does Ca2+ move in response to the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels: into or out of the cardiac muscle cells?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
The Cardiovascular System: An Overview; Author: Strong Medicine;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wu18mpI_62s;License: Standard youtube license