Chapter 15, Problem 15.48P

Draw the organic products formed in each reaction.

a. d. g.

b. e. h.

c. f. i.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkanes undergo chlorination when they are treated with ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ in the presence of light. Chlorination can take place at primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atom. The products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 1.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkanes undergo bromination by free radical mechanism when they are treated with ${\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$ in the presence of heat. Bromination takes place at primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atoms. Six different products are formed by the given bromination reaction as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 2.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkanes undergo bromination by free radical mechanism when they are treated with ${\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$ in the presence of heat. Bromination takes place at primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atoms. Six different products are formed by the given bromination reaction as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 3.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkenes undergo bromination by free radical mechanism when they are treated with NBS in the presence of light. Bromination takes place at allylic carbon atom. One product is formed by the given bromination reaction as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 4

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 4.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Figure 5

Explanation of Solution

Alkenes undergo addition reaction when they are treated with $\text{HBr}$. The given addition reaction takes place according to Markovnikov’s rule. Bromine goes to the more substituted carbon, whereas hydrogen goes to less substituted carbon atom. The products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 5.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkenes undergo addition reaction when they are treated with $\text{HBr}$. The given addition reaction takes place according to anti-Markovnikov’s rule. Bromine goes to the less substituted carbon, whereas hydrogen goes the to more substituted carbon atom. The products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkenes undergo addition reaction when they are treated with $\text{HBr}$. The given addition reaction takes place according to anti-Markovnikov’s rule. Bromine goes to the less substituted carbon, whereas hydrogen goes to the more substituted carbon atom. The products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 7.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkenes undergo addition reaction when they are treated with ${\text{Br}}_2$. The addition of halogen atoms to alkene forms vicinal dihalide. The products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 8.

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation: The organic products formed by the given reaction are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes show addition reaction due to presence of one and two pi-bonds, respectively. Alkanes show substitution reaction due to absence of pi-bond.

Answer to Problem 15.48P

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Alkenes undergo bromination by free radical mechanism when they are treated with NBS in the presence of light. Bromination takes place at allylic carbon atom. Two different products are formed by the given bromination reaction as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9

Conclusion

The organic products formed by the given reaction are shown in Figure 9.