Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073511177
Author: Martin Silberberg Dr., Patricia Amateis Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
Question
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Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound Propene exhibit geometric isomerism or not has to be given and two isomers has to be drawn and named for the given structure.

Concept Introduction:

The structure of the compound is given by its systematic name.

To give the structure from the name of the compound, the root name has to be identified.  The root name indicates the number of carbon atoms present in the longest chain.

Then the functional group (suffix) has to be identified.  It indicates whether any functional groups are present in the compound, it also gives whether the compound is an alkane or alkene or alkyne.

The prefix of the name indicates the branched groups and their positions on the carbon chain.

The name of the compound is in the form

Prefix + Root + Suffix

The geometric isomers are said to be the isomers which shows different orientation of groups around a double bond.  The geometric isomers are also known as cis-trans isomers.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on same side, it is said to be cis-isomer.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides, it is said to be trans-isomer.

To exhibit the geometric isomerism, a molecule should have double bonded carbon atoms (C=C) and each double bonded carbon should be bonded to two different groups.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is Propene.

The propene contains three carbon atoms in chain. As the suffix is –ene, it belongs to alkene group and contains a double bond.  The position of the double bond in propene is in between first and second carbon atoms.  The structure of propene is given as

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  1

The given compound is propene.  The given compound contains a double bond and each carbon in the double bond is bonded to two groups.

The geometric isomers are cis-isomer and trans-isomer.  In cis-isomer, similar groups are attached to the carbon on same side and in trans-isomer, similar groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides.

As propene contains two similar groups (-H) on one of the double bonded carbon atom, it does not exhibit geometric isomerism.

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  2

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound 3-hexene exhibit geometric isomerism or not has to be given and two isomers has to be drawn and named for the given structure.

Concept Introduction:

The structure of the compound is given by its systematic name.

To give the structure from the name of the compound, the root name has to be identified.  The root name indicates the number of carbon atoms present in the longest chain.

Then the functional group (suffix) has to be identified.  It indicates whether any functional groups are present in the compound, it also gives whether the compound is an alkane or alkene or alkyne.

The prefix of the name indicates the branched groups and their positions on the carbon chain.

The name of the compound is in the form

Prefix + Root + Suffix

The geometric isomers are said to be the isomers which shows different orientation of groups around a double bond.  The geometric isomers are also known as cis-trans isomers.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on same side, it is said to be cis-isomer.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides, it is said to be trans-isomer.

To exhibit the geometric isomerism, a molecule should have double bonded carbon atoms (C=C) and each double bonded carbon should be bonded to two different groups.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is 3-hexene.

The hexene contains six carbon atoms in chain. As the suffix is –ene, it belongs to alkene group and contains a double bond.  The position of the double bond in 3-hexene is in between third and fourth carbon atoms.  The structure of the 3-hexene is given as

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  3

The given compound is 3-hexene.  The given compound contains a double bond and each carbon in the double bond is bonded to two different groups.  Hence, the given compound exhibits geometric isomerism.

The geometric isomers are cis-isomer and trans-isomer.  In cis-isomer, similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on same side and in trans-isomer, similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides.

The groups present on either sides of the double bond are given as higher priority groups (-CH2CH3) and lower priority groups (-H ).  The isomers formed from the given compound are

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  4

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound 1,1-dichloroethene exhibit geometric isomerism or not has to be given and two isomers has to be drawn and named for the given structure.

Concept Introduction:

The structure of the compound is given by its systematic name.

To give the structure from the name of the compound, the root name has to be identified.  The root name indicates the number of carbon atoms present in the longest chain.

Then the functional group (suffix) has to be identified.  It indicates whether any functional groups are present in the compound, it also gives whether the compound is an alkane or alkene or alkyne.

The prefix of the name indicates the branched groups and their positions on the carbon chain.

The name of the compound is in the form

Prefix + Root + Suffix

The geometric isomers are said to be the isomers which shows different orientation of groups around a double bond.  The geometric isomers are also known as cis-trans isomers.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on same side, it is said to be cis-isomer.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides, it is said to be trans-isomer.

To exhibit the geometric isomerism, a molecule should have double bonded carbon atoms (C=C) and each double bonded carbon should be bonded to two different groups.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is 1,1-dichloroethene.

The ethene contains two carbon atoms in chain. As the suffix is –ene, it belongs to alkene group and contains a double bond.  The position of the double bond in ethene is in between first and second carbon atoms.  Two chloro groups (-Cl ) are attached to the first carbon of the ethane molecule.  The structure of 1,1-dichloroethene is given as

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  5

The given compound is 1,1-dichloroethene.  The given compound contains a double bond and each carbon in the double bond is bonded to two groups.

The geometric isomers are cis-isomer and trans-isomer.  In cis-isomer, similar groups are attached to the carbon on same side and in trans-isomer, similar groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides.

As 1,1-dichloroethene contains two similar groups (-Cl and -H) on both of the double bonded carbon atom, it does not exhibit geometric isomerism.

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  6

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound 1,2-dichloroethene exhibit geometric isomerism or not has to be given and two isomers has to be drawn and named for the given structure.

Concept Introduction:

The structure of the compound is given by its systematic name.

To give the structure from the name of the compound, the root name has to be identified.  The root name indicates the number of carbon atoms present in the longest chain.

Then the functional group (suffix) has to be identified.  It indicates whether any functional groups are present in the compound, it also gives whether the compound is an alkane or alkene or alkyne.

The prefix of the name indicates the branched groups and their positions on the carbon chain.

The name of the compound is in the form

Prefix + Root + Suffix

The geometric isomers are said to be the isomers which shows different orientation of groups around a double bond.  The geometric isomers are also known as cis-trans isomers.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on same side, it is said to be cis-isomer.

When two similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides, it is said to be trans-isomer.

To exhibit the geometric isomerism, a molecule should have double bonded carbon atoms (C=C) and each double bonded carbon should be bonded to two different groups.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is 1,2-dichloroethene.

The ethene contains two carbon atoms in chain. As the suffix is –ene, it belongs to alkene group and contains a double bond.  The position of the double bond in ethene is in between first and second carbon atoms.  Two chloro groups (-Cl ) are attached to the first and second carbon atoms of the ethane molecule.  The structure of 1,2-dichloroethene is given as

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  7

The given compound is 1,2-dichloroethene.  The given compound contains a double bond and each carbon in the double bond is bonded to two different groups.  Hence, the given compound exhibits geometric isomerism.

The geometric isomers are cis-isomer and trans-isomer.  In cis-isomer, similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on same side and in trans-isomer, similar or higher priority groups are attached to the carbon on opposite sides.

The groups present on either sides of the double bond are given as higher priority groups (-Cl) and lower priority groups (-H ).  The isomers formed from the given compound are

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book, Chapter 15, Problem 15.29P , additional homework tip  8

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Chapter 15 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change - Standalone book

Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 15.4BFPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 15.5AFPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 15.5BFPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 15.6AFPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 15.6BFPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 15.7AFPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 15.7BFPCh. 15.6 - Prob. B15.4PCh. 15.6 - Prob. B15.5PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.1PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.2PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.3PCh. 15 - Silicon lies just below carbon in Group 4A(14) and...Ch. 15 - What is the range of oxidation states for carbon?...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.6PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.7PCh. 15 - Define each type of isomer: (a) constitutional;...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.9PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.10PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.11PCh. 15 - How does an aromatic hydrocarbon differ from a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.13PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.14PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.15PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.16PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.17PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.18PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.19PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.20PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.21PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.22PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.23PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.24PCh. 15 - Draw structures from the following names, and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.26PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.27PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.28PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.29PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.30PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.31PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.32PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.33PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.34PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.35PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.36PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.37PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.38PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.39PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.40PCh. 15 - Determine the type of each of the following...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.42PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.43PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.44PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.45PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.46PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.47PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.48PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.49PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.50PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.51PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.52PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.53PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.54PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.55PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.56PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.57PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.58PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.59PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.60PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.61PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.62PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.63PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.64PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.65PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.66PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.67PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.68PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.69PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.70PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.71PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.72PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.73PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.74PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.75PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.76PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.77PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.78PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.79PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.80PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.81PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.82PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.83PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.84PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.85PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.86PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.87PCh. 15 - What is the key structural difference between...Ch. 15 - Protein shape, function, and amino acid sequence...Ch. 15 - What linkage joins the monomers in each strand of...Ch. 15 - What is base pairing? How does it pertain to DNA...Ch. 15 - RNA base sequence, protein amino acid sequence,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.93PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.94PCh. 15 - Draw the structure of each of the following...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.96PCh. 15 - Write the sequence of the complementary DNA strand...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.98PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.99PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.100PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.101PCh. 15 - Amino acids have an average molar mass of 100...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.103PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.104PCh. 15 - Some of the most useful compounds for organic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.106PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.107PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.108PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.109PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.110PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.111PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.112PCh. 15 - The polypeptide chain in proteins does not exhibit...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.114PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.115PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.116PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.117PCh. 15 - Wastewater from a cheese factory has the following...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.119P
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