Chapter 15, Problem 15.151MP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The equilibrium partial pressure of $\text{F}$ atoms in atm needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Force exerted by the gas is termed as partial pressure. It helps to predict the movement of gases. In gases, molecules get diffuse, react or dissolve because of partial pressure.

For example,

The partial pressure is determined by Dalton’s law:

${\text{p = p}}_{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{+p}}_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{+p}}_{{\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}}$

Where,

The total pressure of gas mixture: $\text{p }$

The partial pressure of ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$ : ${\text{p}}_{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}$

The partial pressure of ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ : ${\text{p}}_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}$

The partial pressure of ${\text{NH}}_3$ : ${\text{p}}_{{\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}}$

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the F₂ molecule, dissociated at 1500 K needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Force exerted by the gas is termed as partial pressure. It helps to predict the movement of gases. In gases, molecules get diffuse, react or dissolve because of partial pressure.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The reason for $\text{F-F}$ bond in ${\text{F}}_{\text{2}}$ to be weaker than the $\text{Cl-Cl}$ bond in ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

In ${\text{F}}_{\text{2}}$, the bonding is purely covalent. Bonding electrons are shared equally between the two fluorine atoms. In $\text{HF}$ there are also a shared pair of bonding electrons, but the shared pair is drawn more closely to the fluorine atom.

In the chlorine molecule, another example of a covalent bond is $\text{Cl-Cl}$ bond. Two chlorine atoms are attracted to the same pair of electrons.