Chapter 15, Problem 15.48CP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Representation of diagram of equilibrium mixture after adding a catalyst.

Concept introduction:

Equilibrium is the condition at which the rate of formation of product is equal to the rate of disappearance of reactant. It is not having an effect on its equilibrium even with the catalyst.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Representation of diagram of equilibrium mixture after increasing the volume.

Concept introduction: Volume is directly proportional to temperature as follows:

  $\text{P V }=\text{ nRT}$

where,
P is the pressure
V is volume
T is temperature
n is number of moles
R is universal gas constant

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Representation of diagram of equilibrium mixture after decreasing the temperature.

Concept introduction:

As it is an endothermic reaction and with an increase in temperature the reaction proceeds to form the product. As much temperature increases, the reaction proceeds more in the forward direction.