Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 14, Problem 14P
To determine
Escape velocities of black holes with masses
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
What is the orbital period (in s) of a bit of matter in an accretion disk that is located 6 ✕ 105 km from a 99 M black hole?
Hint:
Use the circular orbit velocity formula,
Vc =
GM
r
.
s
What is the Schwarzschild radius (in km) of a 6Msun black hole?
What fraction of the Earth's radius is this?
What percent of the speed of light (2.998 x 108 m/s) is the escape velocity at the Schwarzschild radius?
Part 1 of 3
The Schwarzschild radius of a black hole is given by:
2GM
Rs
=
c2
so for the given mass,
2G(6)(Msun)
Rs
c2
where M.
Sun = 1.99 x 1030 kg.
Then convert this into kilometers using 1 km = 1,000 m.
Rs
km
(a) Calculate the photon capture radius and the Schwarzschild radius of M87(in AU). (b) Why was it not possible for previous telescopes to take such a picture of the black hole? (c) Describe the components and functionality of the event horizon telescope. (d) Explain the two algorithms used to reconstruct the image from the telescope data. (e) What parameters were required for the GRMHD simulations to generate an image? (f) Explain the physical origins of the features. (central dark region, ring, shadow). (g) How can the image resolution be increased in future observations?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14 - Prob. 1RQCh. 14 - Prob. 2RQCh. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - Prob. 6RQCh. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - Prob. 9RQCh. 14 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 14 - Prob. 11RQCh. 14 - Prob. 12RQCh. 14 - Prob. 13RQCh. 14 - Prob. 14RQCh. 14 - Prob. 15RQCh. 14 - Prob. 16RQCh. 14 - If the Sun has a Schwarzschild radius, why isnt it...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18RQCh. 14 - Prob. 19RQCh. 14 - Prob. 20RQCh. 14 - Prob. 21RQCh. 14 - In what sense is a black hole actually black?Ch. 14 - If you are falling into a black hole and you point...Ch. 14 - Prob. 24RQCh. 14 - Prob. 25RQCh. 14 - Prob. 26RQCh. 14 - How Do We Know? How does peer review make fraud...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1PCh. 14 - Prob. 2PCh. 14 - Prob. 3PCh. 14 - Prob. 4PCh. 14 - Prob. 5PCh. 14 - Prob. 6PCh. 14 - Prob. 7PCh. 14 - Prob. 8PCh. 14 - Prob. 9PCh. 14 - Prob. 10PCh. 14 - Prob. 11PCh. 14 - Prob. 12PCh. 14 - Prob. 13PCh. 14 - Prob. 14PCh. 14 - Prob. 15PCh. 14 - Prob. 16PCh. 14 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 14 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 14 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 14 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 14 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 14 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 14 - Prob. 5LTL
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Assume the event horizon is the size of the black hole (it is not: in reality, the black hole is a point source). What is the density of a black hole that has the mass of the Sun in units of kg/cm3? Please express your answer in scientific notation with the "e" format inside the text box, and keep three significant figures (for example, 5.01e3 for 5.01 × 103).arrow_forwardWhat is the escape velocity Vesc of a 1.4?⊙ neutron star if its radius is 12 km? Express your answer as a multiple of the speed of light (i.e., compute Vesc/c, where c= 2.9979 x 105 km/s). [Hint: you will need to recall the formula for escape speed from the surface of an object. This was discussed when we covered planetary atmospheres.]arrow_forwardA star with mass m, period Ti = 30 days, and radius ri = 1E4 km collapses into a neutron star (Links to an external site.) with a radius of rf = 3 km. Our goal will be to determine the period Tf of the neutron star. Useful formulae: Li=Lf; L=Iω; ω=2πf=2π/T; Isphere=2/5mr^2. 1.How much angular momentum Li does the star have before it collapses? 2. What is the rotation rate ωi of the star before collapsing? 3. Suppose we model the star as a solid sphere of radius ri with moment of inertia 2/5mri2 (a good assumption). What does our description of Li read now? 4.How much angular momentum Lf does the star have after it collapses? 5. What is the rotation rate ωf of the star after collapsing? 6.The new object, a neutron star, is also shaped like a sphere. What does Lf read? Group of answer choices 7.Assuming angular momentum is conserved during collapse (also a good assumption), what is our prediction for the period of the neutron star, Tf? 8. What is Tf in units of days? 9. What…arrow_forward
- As a mass m of gas falls into a black hole, at most 0.1mc2 is likely to emerge as radiation; the rest is swallowed by the black hole. Show the Eddington luminosity for a black hole of mass M is equivalent to 2*10-9 Mc2yr-1. Explain why we expect the black hole's mass to grow by at least a factor of e every 5*107 years. Where Edding Luminicity is defined as LE=(4piGMmpc)/(sigmaT), where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the black hole, mp is the mass of a proton, c is the speed of light, and sigmaT is Thomson scattering where sigmaT=6.653*10-25 cm2.arrow_forwardThe Schwarzschild radius of a certain black hole is 30n kilometers. The mass of this black hole, in units of solar masses, Mo, is given by M x aMo What is the value of a, if n = 5 (give only an integer value).arrow_forwardWhat is the event horizon radius [m] for the sun if it were to collapse to a Schwarzschild black hole? (Msun = 1.99 x 1030kg). Would earth’s orbit be altered if this were to occur (although it would be a heck of a lot colder) (T/F).arrow_forward
- (a) Calculate the photon capture radius and the Schwarzschild radius of M87* (in AU). (b) Why was it not possible for previous telescopes to take such a picture of the black hole? (c) Describe the components and functionality of the event horizon telescope. (d) Explain the two algorithms used to reconstruct the image from the telescope data. (e) What parameters were required for the GRMHD simulations to generate an image? (f) Explain the physical origins of the features (g) How can the image resolution be increased in future observations? (central dark region, ring, shadow).arrow_forwardWhat is the escape velocity (in km/s) at the Schwarzschild radius of a 7.82 Msun black hole?arrow_forwardWhat is the orbital period of a bit of matter in an accretion disk that is located 4 ✕ 105 km from a 87 M black hole? Use the circular orbit velocity formula.arrow_forward
- what is the answer for sub item (b) if the radius of the neutron star is 69.601 km? (express your answer in the proper SI unit ans without scientific notation)arrow_forwardA star with mass m, period Ti = 30 days, and radius ri = 1E4 km collapses into a neutron star (Links to an external site.) with a radius of rf = 3 km. Our goal will be to determine the period Tf of the neutron star. Useful formulae: Li=Lf; L=Iω; ω=2πf=2π/T; Isphere=2/5mr^2.arrow_forwardThe velocity curve for a double spectroscopic binary is shown in the sketch. The system is viewed edge-on, i.e., with an inclination angle of i = 90°, so that the maximum possible Doppler shifts for this system are observed. line 400 So = U, Ani 300 200 loo = v Ain i 100 -100 -200 -300 400 • 1 2 3 • s 7 a 10 Time (days) Find the mass of star 1, mı, in terms of solar masses. 1 solar mass = 2x1030kg Round your answer to three significant figures. Doppler Velocity (20su)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399920Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399944
Author:Michael A. Seeds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399920
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning