HUMAN ANATOMY
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260210262
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 14, Problem 10TYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The reflex arc is the simple neural pathway for the somatic reflex. The pathway followed by the somatic reflex is from a sensory nerve ending to the spinal cord and then back to the skeletal muscle. The components of the reflex arc are somatic receptors, afferent nerve fibers, integrating center, efferent nerve fibers, and skeletal muscles.
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Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in which of the following ways?
the number of sensory neurons
the use of Ach as their only neurotransmitter
the use of the motor cortex to regulate their effectors
the number of motor neurons
reliance on unipolar neurons to transmit their signals
In a withdrawal reflex with reciprocal innervation:
inhibitory interneurons decussate from the alpha motor neuron
extensor muscles contract to oppose the motion of the flexor
excitatory interneurons synapse with the alpha motor neuron
extensor muscles relax and do not oppose the motion of the flexor
What does each of the following terms mean in relation to reflex arcs? Monosynaptic, ipsilateral, polysynaptic, intersegmental, contralateral, and reciprocal innervation.
Chapter 14 Solutions
HUMAN ANATOMY
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1AWYKCh. 14.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 14.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 14.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 14.1 - Identify each of the following spinal tracts with...Ch. 14.2 - How does the structure of a nerve compare to that...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 14.2 - List the five plexuses of spinal nerves and state...
Ch. 14.2 - State which plexus gives rise to each of the...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 1AWYKCh. 14.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 14.3 - Describe a situation in which each of the...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 1AWYKCh. 14.4 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 14 - Four functions of the spinal cord and their...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.1.2AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.3AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.4AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.5AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.6AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.7AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.8AYLOCh. 14 - The funiculi and tracts of spinal white matterCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.10AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.11AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.12AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1.13AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.2.1AYLOCh. 14 - The differences between afferent and efferent...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.2.3AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.2.4AYLOCh. 14 - The number of spinal nerves and the system for...Ch. 14 - The structure of the proximal portion of a spinal...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.2.7AYLOCh. 14 - The five plexuses of spinal nerves-their names,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.3.1AYLOCh. 14 - The components of a reflex arc and the path...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.3.3AYLOCh. 14 - The differences between ipsilateral,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.3.5AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.4.1AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.4.2AYLOCh. 14 - Prob. 14.4.3AYLOCh. 14 - Below L2, the vertebral canal is occupied by a...Ch. 14 - The brachial plexus gives rise to all of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 14 - In the spinal cord, the neurosomas of the lower...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 14 - Motor innervation of the leg proper comes...Ch. 14 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 14 - The _______ nerves arise from the servical plexus...Ch. 14 - The crossing of a nerve fiber actract from the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 14 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 14 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 14 - Prob. 1WWWTSCh. 14 - Prob. 2WWWTSCh. 14 - Prob. 3WWWTSCh. 14 - Briefly explain why each of the following...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5WWWTSCh. 14 - Prob. 6WWWTSCh. 14 - Prob. 7WWWTSCh. 14 - Briefly explain why each of the following...Ch. 14 - Prob. 9WWWTSCh. 14 - Briefly explain why each of the following...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 14 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 14 - Anthony gets into a fight between rival gangs. As...Ch. 14 - When a patient needs a tendon graft, surgeons...
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- All somatic reflexes share all of the following properties except a. they are quick. b. they are monosynaptic. c. they require stimulation. d. they are involuntary. e. they are stereotyped.arrow_forwardWhen describing the reflex arcs and the neural pathways involved we often limit ourselves to the nerves carrying information from the muscle or tendon to the spinal cord and back. However, it should be clear from our ability to feel the tendon tap as well as the results from the Jendrassik’s maneuver test that it isn’t this simple. What other neural connections must be present ?arrow_forwardNeuroscience Students are celebrating the end of the year and have gotten together for a few ice-old Pepsi’s. Sarvesh holds out his mug for a refill and when Nicole starts to pour soda in, the mug slips down slightly but Sarvesh quickly recovers to prevent his mug from spilling. Which of the following does NOT occur in this reflex circuit?Group of answer choicesThe added load of the soda stretches the intrafusal muscle fibers of the bicepSensory neurons from the muscle spindle synapse onto α motor neurons and interneuronsThe rate of action potential firing increases in the muscle spindle fiberExcitation of motor neurons innervating the bicep muscleAll of the above *do* occurarrow_forward
- Why is it important to study reflexes? What clinical applications might these have? Describe a simple reflex arc.arrow_forwardIf a reflex is a limited circuit within the somatic system,why do physical and neurological exams include them totest the health of an individual?arrow_forwardThere are reflex arcs that employ a gamma motor neuron wrapped around a muscle spindle and involve no interneurons. Which is NOT an appropriate example of these reflex arcs among the following? patellar reflex achilles reflex inverted supinator reflex C5 reflex arcsarrow_forward
- What is the major difference between monosynapticreflexes and polysynaptic reflexes?arrow_forwardSomatic reflexes involve the contraction of agonist muscles and relaxation of antagonist muscles. When the agonist muscle is stimulated to contract, the antagonist muscle is inhibited. This relationship is referred to as: O contralateral inhibition O ipsilateral inhibition O reciprocal inhibition O extensor inhibitionarrow_forwardName the following parts of the neuron as indicated. Specify the functions of each part. 1 7 2 5 4 3 Illustrate and explain the reflex arc. Illustrate and explain transmission of neuronal impulses across synapse.arrow_forward
- have satellite cells. Neutrophils Red blood cells Dorsal root ganglion, sympathetic chain ganglion Agranulocytesarrow_forwardWhat is the physiological function of chemical and electrical synapses between reflexes (eg. a Knee Reflex and jerk reflex).arrow_forwardAn ipsilateral reflex arc is one in whicharrow_forward
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