Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 4SQ
In the simplest kind of reflex______, directly signal ________, which act on muscle cells.
- a. sensory neurons; interneurons
- b. interneurons; motor neurons
- c. sensory neurons; motor neurons
- d. motor neurons; sensory neurons
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Motor neurons are crucial for movement, what would
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The somatic motor neurons innervating the __________________ of the lower limbs are located in the _________________ of the spinal cord.
A. smooth muscles; lumbar region
B. skeletal muscles; cervical region
C. skeletal muscles; lumbar region
D. skin; cervical region
Neurons in the ________ control motor reflexes. a. thalamus b. spinal cord c. parietal lobe d. hippocampus
Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13 - Explain the difference between a sensory neuron,...Ch. 13 - What are the functional zones of a motor neuron?Ch. 13 - Define an action potential.Ch. 13 - What is a synapse? Explain the difference between...Ch. 13 - Explain what happens during synaptic integration.Ch. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - The nervous system senses, interprets, and issues...Ch. 13 - A neuron responds to adequate stimulation with...Ch. 13 - When action potentials arrive at a synapse between...
Ch. 13 - In the simplest kind of reflex______, directly...Ch. 13 - The accelerating flow of _______ ions through...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6SQCh. 13 - Prob. 7SQCh. 13 - Cerebrospinal fluid _____. a. fills cavities and...Ch. 13 - Match each region of the central nervous system...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1CTCh. 13 - In newborns and premature babies, the bloodbrain...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CT
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- Which of the following is NOT a reason why a reflex arc is faster than a normal nerve transmission? a. A reflex arc stimulates the motor neurons for an immediate reaction. b. A reflex arc does not send information to the brain to be processed. c. A reflex arc does not involve neurotransmitters. d. A reflex arc involves fewer neurons.arrow_forwardThe ____ cannot be controlled by conscious thought. a. motor neurons b. somatic nervous system c. autonomic nervous system d. skeletal musclesarrow_forwardIn the stretch reflex,a. Golgi tendon organs activate contraction in extrafusal muscle fibersconnected to that tendon.b. lengthening of muscle-spindle receptors in a muscle leads tocontraction in an antagonist muscle.c. action potentials from muscle-spindle receptors in a muscle formmonosynaptic excitatory synapses on motor neurons to extrafusal fiberswithin the same muscles.d. slackening of intrafusal fibers within a muscle activates gamma motorneurons that form excitatory synapses with extrafusal fibers within thatsame muscle.e. afferent neurons to the sensorimotor cortex stimulate the agonist muscle to contract and the antagonist muscle to be inhibitedarrow_forward
- All motor neurons release acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter except a. Postganglionic sympathetic neurons b. Somatic motor neurons c. Postganglionic parasympathetic neurons d. Specific cardiac and smooth muscle fibersarrow_forward5) Lower motor neurons are _____________ neurons. A. multipolar B. bipolar C. unipolar D. anaxonic B. bipolar C. unipolar D. anaxonicarrow_forwardA patient with poliomyelitis (which characterized by spinal cord damage) has disorder of skeletal muscles function. What neurons were destructed in this disorder? a. Pseudounipolar b. Pseudounipolar and associative (interneurons) c. Associative (interneurons) d. Motor neurons e. Interneurons and motorarrow_forward
- ____________ is a neuromodulator that blocks the conduction of pain signals by second-order spinal neurons.a. Endorphinb. Enkephalinc. Substance Pd. Acetylcholinee. Norepinephrinearrow_forwardThe gray matter is composed of the following, except for the __________________________. a. neuron cell bodies b. unmyelinated fibers c. myelinated fibers d. a and b e. a and c Muscle tone is due to ______ activating groups of motor units in response to input from ______ in muscles. a. stretch receptors; spinal reflexes b. spinal receptors; stretch reflexes c. spinal reflexes; stretch receptors d. stretch reflexes; spinal receptors e. none of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of these locations in the forebrain is the master control center for homeostasis through the autonomic and endocrine systems? a. hypothalamus b. thalamus c. amygdala Chapter 15 | The Autonomic Nervous System 691 d. cerebral cortexarrow_forward
- Muscle tone is due to ______ activating groups of motor units in response to input from ______ in muscles. a. stretch receptors; spinal reflexes b. spinal receptors; stretch reflexes c. spinal reflexes; stretch receptors d. stretch reflexes; spinal receptors e. none of the abovearrow_forwardTrina was reading about a supplement that can help a person lose weight. When she tried it, she experienced some unpleasant side effects such as increased heart rate and excessive sweating. It appears from these effects that the supplement increased ________ activation. a Somatic motor system b Parasympathetic c Enteric nervous system d Sympatheticarrow_forwardResponse to a stimulus within the central nervous system differs from that of a reflex arc because a. Depolarization deos not occur along the reflex arc b. No acetylcholine is released in the central nervous system c. There is no interpretation of the information within the reflex arc d. Nerve impulses travel in the central nervous system at a greater speedarrow_forward
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The Sensorimotor System and Human Reflexes; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0PEXquyhA4;License: Standard youtube license