Prepare the journal entries to record the bond purchase, interest payment, sale of investment partially on March 31, 2017, and the retirement of the bond on June 30, 2019.
Explanation of Solution
Effective interest rate of bond amortization:
Effective interest rate method of amortization is a process of amortizing premium on bond or discount on bond, which allocates the different amount of interest expense in each period of interest payment, but at a constant percentage rate.
On January 1, 2016, Corporation H purchased 13%, bond with a face value of $300,000 for $308,373.53. The bond carries 13% interest rate, and it will be paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31, until the maturity date of June 30, 2019. The effective interest rate is 12%.
During March 31, 2016, Corporation H sold one-half of the bonds for $159,500. Corporation H uses effective interest rate for amortization.
Prepare a schedule of bond investment interest income and premium amortization.
Corporation H | ||||
Bond investment interest income and Premium amortization Schedule (Partial) | ||||
Effective interest rate method | ||||
Date | Cash (Debit) (a) | Interest income (Credit) (b) | Investment in debt securities (Credit) (c) | Carrying value of debt securities (d) |
January 1, 2016 | $308,373.53 | |||
June 30, 2016 | $19,500.00 | $18,502.41 | $997.59 | $307,375.94 |
December 31, 2016 | $19,500.00 | $18,442.56 | $1,057.44 | $306,318.50 |
March 31, 2017 | $159,500.00 | $4,594.78 | $153,159.25 | $153,159.25 |
June 30, 2017 | $9,750.00 | $9,189.56 | $560.44 | $152,598.81 |
December 31, 2017 | $9,750.00 | $9,155.93 | $594.07 | $152,004.74 |
June 30, 2018 | $9,750.00 | $9,120.28 | $629.72 | $151,375.02 |
December 31, 2018 | $9,750.00 | $9,082.50 | $667.50 | $150,707.52 |
June 30, 2019 | $159,750.00 | $9,042.48 | $150,707.52 | $0.00 |
Table (1)
Note:
1. Cash (a) = Bonds outstanding×13%×6 months12 months (13% is bonds stated interest rate). On March 31, 2017 the half of the bond sold for $159,500. Thus increases the cash.
2. Interest income (b)=Previous carrying value×12%×6 months12 months (12% is effective interest rate).
3. Investment in debt securities (c)=Cash (a)−Amount of interest income(b), Where (c) represents an amount of amortization of premium. On March 31, 2017, $153,159.25= ($159,500 sold−$4,594.78 interest income −$1,745.97gain)
4. Carrying value of debt securities (d) = [Previous carrying value (d)−Investment in debt securities (c)]
5. Refer journal entry as on March 31, 2017, and respective working notes for interest income, investment in debt securities, and carrying value as of March 31, 2017.
Procedure to be followed to prepare journal entries:
- Increase in assets, increase in expenses, decrease in revenue, and decrease in liabilities should be debited.
- Decrease in assets, increase in revenue, decrease in expenses, and increase in liabilities should be credited.
Prepare journal entries in the books of Corporation H.
Record the purchase of held-to maturity debt securities.
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
January 1, 2016 | Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $308,373.53 | |
Cash | $308,373.53 | ||
(To record the purchase of held-to-maturity securities at premium) |
Table (2)
Record the interest income earned on June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2016.
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
June 30, 2016 | Cash | $19,500.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $18,502.41 | ||
Interest income | $997.59 | ||
(To record the interest and amortization) |
Table (3)
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
December 31, 2016 | Cash | $19,500.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $18,442.56 | ||
Interest income | $1,057.44 | ||
(To record the interest and amortization) |
Table (4)
Record the sale of half of the bond on March 31, 2017.
Step 1: Determine the amount of amortization.
Amortization= ([Face value of half of the bond sold×stated interest rate×(Number of month from January to March12months)]−[Carrying value of debt on December 31, 20162×Effectiveinterest rate ×(Number of month from January to March12months)])=([$150,000×0.13×312]−[$306,318.502×0.12×312])=$280.22
Step 2: Determine the amount of interest income received from unsold bonds for 3 months.
Interest income = Face value of bond×Interest rate ×Number of months accrued12months=$150,000×13%×312=$4,875
Step 3: Determine the amount of investment in debt securities as on March 31, 2017.
Investment in held-to-maturity debt securities }= [Carrying value of securities as on December 31, 20162−Amortization of premium of 3months]=$306,318.502−$280.22=$152,879.03
Step 4: Record the entry.
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
March 31, 2017 | Interest income | $280.22 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $280.22 | ||
(To record the amortization) |
Table (5)
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
March 31, 2017 | Cash | $159,500.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $152,879.03 | ||
Interest income | $4,875.00 | ||
Gain on sale of debt securities (Balancing figure) | $1,745.97 | ||
(To record the sale of half of the bonds on gain) |
Table (6)
Record the interest income earned on June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2017.
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
June 30, 2017 | Cash | $9,750.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $560.44 | ||
Interest income | $9,189.56 | ||
(To record the interest and amortization) |
Table (7)
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
December 31, 2017 | Cash | $9,750.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $594.07 | ||
Interest income | $9,155.93 | ||
(To record the interest and amortization) |
Table (8)
Record the interest income earned on June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018.
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
June 30, 2018 | Cash | $9,750.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $629.72 | ||
Interest income | $9,120.28 | ||
(To record the interest and amortization) |
Table (9)
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
December 31, 2018 | Cash | $9,750.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $667.50 | ||
Interest income | $9,082.50 | ||
(To record the interest and amortization) |
Table (10)
Record the interest income earned on June 30, 2019.
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
June 30, 2019 | Cash | $9,750.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $707.52 | ||
Interest income | $9,042.48 | ||
(To record the interest and amortization) |
Table (11)
Record the cash received on maturity date.
Date | Account Title and Explanation | Debit | Credit |
June 30, 2019 | Cash | $150,000.00 | |
Investment in Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities | $150,000.00 | ||
(To record the cash received on maturity date) |
Table (12)
Explanation:
- Cash is an asset and increased. Therefore, debit the cash account.
- Investment in held-to-maturity debt securities is an asset. It is decreased here due to amortization of premium. Therefore, debit the investment in held-to-maturity debt securities account.
- Interest income is an income. It increases the equity. Therefore, it is credited.
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