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Hot Jupiters. In 2004 astronomers reported the discovery of a large Jupiter-sized planet orbiting very close to the star HD 179949 (hence the term “hot Jupiter”). The orbit was just
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- Kepler’s third law says that the orbital period (in years) is proportional to the square root of the cube of the mean distance (in AU) from the Sun (Pa1.5) . For mean distances from 0.1 to 32 AU, calculate and plot a curve showing the expected Keplerian period. For each planet in our solar system, look up the mean distance from the Sun in AU and the orbital period in years and overplot these data on the theoretical Keplerian curve.arrow_forwardNeptune orbits the Sun with an orbital radius of 4.495 x 10^12 m. If the earth to sun distance 1 A.U. = 1.5 x 10^11 m, a) Determine how many A.U.'s is Neptune's orbital radius (Round to the nearest tenth). b) Given the Sun's mass is 1.99 x 10^30 kg , use Newton's modified version of Kepler's formula T^2 = (4pi^2/Gm(star)) x d^3 to find the period in seconds using scientific notation. (Round to the nearest thousandth). c) Convert the period in part b) to years(Round to the nearest tenth).arrow_forwardOn October 15, 2001, a planet was discovered orbiting around the star HD 68988. Its orbital distance was measured to be 10.5 million kilometers from the center of the star, and its orbital period was estimated at 6.3 days. What is the mass of HD 68988? Express your answer in kilograms and in terms of our sun’s mass.arrow_forward
- Astronomical observations of our milky way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8x1011 solar masses. A star orbiting near the galaxy's periphery is 5.6x104 light years from its center. a.) What should be the orbital period (in years) of that star be? b.) If its period is 6.4x107 years instead, what is the mass (in solar masses) of the galaxy? Such calculations are used to imply the existence of "dark matter" in the universe and have indicated, for example, the existence of very massive black holes at the center of some galaxies.arrow_forwardAn object of mass mm is launched from a planet of mass MM and radius RR. a) Derive and enter an expression for the minimum launch speed needed for the object to escape gravity, i.e. to be able to just reach r=∞. b) Calculate this minimum launch speed (called the escape speed), in meters per second, for a planet of mass M=2.73×1023kg and R=86.2×103km.arrow_forwardThe rings of the planet Saturn consist of particles of rock and ice which orbit the = 5.7 × 104ºkg. Suppose a particle has a planet. The mass of Saturn is MSat mass 2,806 kg, and is orbiting at a distance of 2,442 km from the surface of Saturn. The radius of Saturn is ľsat G = 6.67 × 10-1'm². kg¬1.s-2 60, 300 km and Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational attract between the particle and Saturn to 2 sf. Your Answer: Answerarrow_forward
- You are working at a summer internship for NASA, working to study exoplanets (planets we have detected around other stars). Calculate the orbital radius (distance of the planet to the star) of the newly detected planet Beta Sirius, if its' orbital period around its star is 5.51 x 107 s. You know from the data that the star has a mass of 2.21 x 1029 kg, and a radius of 2.70 x 106 and the planet has a mass of 3.00 x 1022 kg. Your Answer: Answerarrow_forwardTwo celestial bodies whose masses are m1 and m2 are revolving around their common center of mass and the distance between them is L. Assuming that they are both point masses, Find the angular speed, tangential speeds of the masses m1 and m2, and period of the motion. Universal Gravitational Constant, G=6,6742867E-11 m3 kg / s2(Note that the exponent is negative)Radius of Earth, RE: 6,3781366E+06 mMass of Earth, ME: 5,9721426E+24 kg m1=10^12kg m2=10^11kg L=10^8m 7,27210E+00 m1 3,85280E+00 m2 6,16500E+00 Larrow_forwardAn astronaut lands on a new, recently discovered planet in a different star system. The astronaut measures the acceleration due to gravity on the planet to be 12m/s2, and the mass of the planet is measured to be 7.5E23kg. What is the radius of the new planet?arrow_forward
- Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8 x 10¹¹ solar masses. A star orbiting near the galaxy's periphery is 5.9 x 104 light years from its center. (For your calculations, assume that the galaxy's mass is concentrated near its center.) What should the orbital period of that star be? yr If its period is 5.8 x 107 years instead, what is the mass of the galaxy? Such calculations are used to imply the existence of "dark matter" in the universe and have indicated, for example, the existence of very massive black holes at the centers of some galaxies. solar massesarrow_forwardIn a distant star system there are many inhabitable planets. One of these planets is named Qomar. Qomar is 3.2 AU's from its star and takes 6.5 Earth years to go around its star once. There is another planet in the same star system called Ferenginar. Ferenginar is 0.9 AUs from the star. What is the length of a Ferengi year (on Ferenginar) in terms of Earth years?arrow_forwardUniversal Gravitational Constant, G=6,6742867E-11 m3 kg / s2(Note that the exponent is negative)Radius of Earth, RE: 6,3781366E+06 mMass of Earth, ME: 5,9721426E+24 kg Two celestial bodies whose masses are m1 and m2 are revolving around their common center of mass and the distance between them is L. Assuming that they are both point masses, Find the angular speed, tangential speeds of the masses m1 and m2, and period of the motion. m1=7,27210x10^12kg m2=3,85280x10^11kg L=6,16500x10^8marrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningAstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStax