Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168390
Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 53E
What is the activation energy of a reaction, and how is this energy related to the activated complex of the reaction?
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Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
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- What is the role of the activated complex in a chemical reaction?arrow_forwardBy which of the following mechanisms does a catalyst operate? a. It decreases the activation energy barrier for a reaction. b. It serves as a reactant and is consumed. c. It increases the temperature of a reaction. d. It increases the concentration of reactants.arrow_forwardSketch energy diagrams to represent each of the following. Label the diagrams completely and tell how they are similar to each other and how they are different. a. Exothermic exergonic reaction with activation energy b. Exothermic exergonic reaction without activation energyarrow_forward
- Apply collision theory to explain why increasing the concentration of a reactant usually increases the reaction rate.arrow_forwardDraw an energy diagram graph for an endothermic reaction where no catalyst is present. Then draw an energy diagram graph for the same reaction when a catalyst is present. Indicate the similarities and differences between the two diagrams.arrow_forwardWhy are enzymes important? For example, what is the importance of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the body?arrow_forward
- If AB is exothermic, how does the activation energyfor the forward reaction compare with the activationenergy for the reverse reaction (AB) ?arrow_forwardWhat is the value of the equilibrium constant of a reaction if the forward rate constant was 2.8102M1s1 and the reverse rate constant was 3.6104M1s1?arrow_forwardClassify each of the following statements as true or false. aSome equilibria depend on a steady supply of a reactant in order to maintain the equilibrium. bBoth forward and reverse reactions continue after equilibrium is reached. cEvery time reactant molecules collide, there is a reaction. dPotential energy during a collision is greater than potential energy before or after the collision. eThe properties of a transition state are between those of the reactants and products. fActivation energy is positive for both the forward and reverse reactions. gKinetic energy is changed to potential energy during a collision. hAn increase in temperature speeds the forward reaction but slows the reverse reaction. iA catalyst changes the steps by which a reaction is completed. jAn increase in concentration of a substance on the right-hand side of an equation speeds the reverse reaction rate. kAn increase in the concentration of a substance in an equilibrium increases the reaction rate in which the substance is a product. lReducing the volume of a gaseous equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in the direction of fewer gaseous molecules. mRaising temperature results in a shift in the forward direction of an endothermic equilibrium. nThe value of an equilibrium constant depends on temperature. oA large K indicates that an equilibrium is favored in the reverse direction.arrow_forward
- Sketch an energy diagram graph representing an exothermic reaction, and label the following. a. Average energy of reactants b. Average energy of products c. Activation energy d. Amount of energy liberated during the reactionarrow_forwardDefine the terms product-favored System and reactant-favored System. Give one example of each.arrow_forwardSubstances that poison a catalyst pose a major concern for many engineering designs, including those for catalytic converters. One design option is to add materials that react with potential poisons before they reach the catalyst. Among the commonly encountered catalyst poisons are silicon and phosphorus, which typically form phosphate or silicate ions in the oxidizing environment of an engine. Group 2 elements are added to the catalyst to react with these contaminants before they reach the working portion of the catalytic converter. If estimates show that a catalytic converter will be exposed to 625 g of silicon during its lifetime, what mass of beryllium would need to be included in the design?arrow_forward
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