21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 12, Problem 4QP
To determine
The reason for which the Congress asked NASA to search for the near-Earth objects.
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2. Comet 1943 I has a period of 512 years and an eccentricity of 0.999914 and an inclination of
22 degrees.
a. What is the comet's semi major axis?
b. What are its perihelion and aphelion distances?
c. What is the most likely source region of this object?
d. What is its tisserand parameter and what does that tell you?
The short-period comets do NOT have randomly oriented orbits because
a.
they are affected by the sun’s gravity.
b.
they are affected by the solar wind.
c.
they formed in the Kuiper belt, a belt-shaped region in the plane of the solar system.
d.
their orbits are altered by the drag of their tails in the solar wind.
e.
they all were originally objects ejected from the asteroid belt.
7. A planet of gravitational field g = 11.5 N/kg and a radius of 7000 km will have how
much escape velocity?
Chapter 12 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 12.1CYUCh. 12.2 - Prob. 12.2CYUCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12.3ACYUCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12.3BCYUCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12.4CYUCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12.5CYUCh. 12 - Prob. 1QPCh. 12 - Prob. 2QPCh. 12 - Prob. 3QPCh. 12 - Prob. 4QP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 5QPCh. 12 - Prob. 6QPCh. 12 - Prob. 7QPCh. 12 - Prob. 8QPCh. 12 - Prob. 9QPCh. 12 - Prob. 10QPCh. 12 - Prob. 11QPCh. 12 - Prob. 12QPCh. 12 - Prob. 13QPCh. 12 - Prob. 14QPCh. 12 - Prob. 15QPCh. 12 - Prob. 16QPCh. 12 - Prob. 17QPCh. 12 - Prob. 18QPCh. 12 - Prob. 19QPCh. 12 - Prob. 20QPCh. 12 - Prob. 22QPCh. 12 - Prob. 23QPCh. 12 - Prob. 24QPCh. 12 - Prob. 25QPCh. 12 - Prob. 26QPCh. 12 - Prob. 27QPCh. 12 - Prob. 28QPCh. 12 - Prob. 29QPCh. 12 - Prob. 30QPCh. 12 - Prob. 31QPCh. 12 - Prob. 32QPCh. 12 - Prob. 33QPCh. 12 - Prob. 34QPCh. 12 - Prob. 35QPCh. 12 - Prob. 36QPCh. 12 - Prob. 37QPCh. 12 - Prob. 38QPCh. 12 - Prob. 39QPCh. 12 - Prob. 40QPCh. 12 - Prob. 41QPCh. 12 - Prob. 42QPCh. 12 - Prob. 43QPCh. 12 - Prob. 44QP
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- Imagine that you visit a planet orbiting another star and discover that it is heavily cratered, but its small moon is nearly crater free. Why would that be a surprise? Speculate about what might have happened to those objects.arrow_forward2. A comet is traveling in outer space with a velocity of 2000 m/s. How long will it take to travel 300,000 meters? 2000 s 0.0006 s 6,000,000 s 150 sarrow_forward6 Why isn't there a planet where the asteroid belt is located? A The temperature in this portion of the solar nebula was just right to prevent rock from sticking together. B C D There was too much rocky material to form a terrestrial planet, but not enough gaseous material to form a jovian planet. There was not enough material in this part of the solar nebula to form a planet. Gravitational tugs from Jupiter prevented material from collecting together to form a planet. E A planet once formed here, but it was broken apart by a catastrophic collision.arrow_forward
- 4. Calculate the escape velocity of the Jupiter.arrow_forward16. Calculate the escape speed of a planet with a radius of 1569 km and a gravitational acceleration of 1.30 m/s².arrow_forward1. Suppose you have an Oort cloud comet on an orbit with pericenter distance 10,000 AU, and apocenter distance 20,000 AU. a. What are the semi-major axis and eccentricity of the orbit? b. What are the specific energy (energy per unit mass), and specific angular momentum (angular momentum per unit mass) of the comet? c. How fast is the comet moving at apocenter (relative to the Sun)?arrow_forward
- The rotation of the planets around the sun is governed by: A. The gravitational field of the sun. B. The gravity of the stars. C. The heat energy of the sun. D. The gravity of the other planets of the solar system. Kelper's second law relates between them: O A. The time period of rotation of the orbiting planet around the sun and the average distance of the planet to the sun. OB. The time period of rotation of the orbiting planet around the sun and the average distance of the planet to the earth. C. The time period of rotation of the orbiting planet around the sun and the average distance of the planet to the moon. OD. The time period of rotation of the orbiting planet around the earth and the average distance of the planet to the sun.arrow_forwardWhich spacecraft flew past Mercury three times in the 1970s? a. Galileo b. Cassini c. Voyager 2 d. Mariner 10 e. Hubblearrow_forwardDue to tidal forces, a moon orbiting a planet will eventually a always keep the same side toward the planet b collide with the planet c break up into a number of fragments d develop a warmer climate as time goes on Jupiter's moon Io is very volcanically active, which means it has plate tectonics. a. true b. falsearrow_forward
- Name Date Use the table to answer questions 13 through 15. NAME DISTANCE FROM AVERAGE ΤΥΡΕ ORBIT DIAMETER SUN (Million Miles) (Earth Days) (Miles) 3,032 TEMPERATURE ('C) Mercury 35 5,800 Terrestrial 88 Venus 67 260 Terrestrial 224 7,521 Earth 93 365 7,926 15 Terrestrial Mars 142 260 Terrestrial 687 4,222 Jupiter 484 2150 Gas 4332 88,846 74,898 31,763 Saturn 887 2170 Gas 10755 Uranus 1,784 2200 Gas 30687 Neptune 2,795 2220 Gas 60190 30,778arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a measurable effect of the tidal interactions between the Earth and the moon? choose 1 of the following: a. The moon is constantly getting closer to the Earth, and will one day collide with our planet. b. The rotation rate of the Earth is gradually slowing down. c. The rotation rate of the moon is gradually speeding up. d. The moon pulls more strongly on the far side of the Earth than it does on the near side.arrow_forwardWhen tidal bulges are NOT in a direct Earth-moon line but slightly ahead of the moon, a. Earth’s gravity weakens. b. their gravitational field pulls the moon forward in its orbit, causing it to recede from Earth. c. their gravitational field pulls the moon back in its orbit, causing the moon to fall toward Earth. d. Earth’s gravity strengthens, causing the moon to orbit faster. e. the tidal bulges have no effect on the moon.arrow_forward
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