21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 12, Problem 25QP
To determine
The difference between the comet from the Kuiper belt and the Oort cloud. The ultimate result of the comet from both the sources.
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Why is the composition of a comet typically dominated by volatile materials (frozen ices)?
choose one of the following:
a.
rock and metal could not condense out of the solar nebula at extreme distances from the sun
b.
most of the metal in the solar system is locked up inside the terrestrial planets
c.
metals are not stable in the outer solar system
d.
elements that form ices (as opposed to rock & metals) are more abundant in our solar system
Calculate the orbital period of a comet nucleus in the Oort cloud.
The European Space Agency’s (ESA) Rosetta mission reached Comet 67P at the time when the comet approached perihelion.
Figure 20 shows jets emerging from the comet.
Do these images confirm that comets are ‘dirty snowballs’? Why, or why not?
Chapter 12 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 12.1CYUCh. 12.2 - Prob. 12.2CYUCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12.3ACYUCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12.3BCYUCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12.4CYUCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12.5CYUCh. 12 - Prob. 1QPCh. 12 - Prob. 2QPCh. 12 - Prob. 3QPCh. 12 - Prob. 4QP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 5QPCh. 12 - Prob. 6QPCh. 12 - Prob. 7QPCh. 12 - Prob. 8QPCh. 12 - Prob. 9QPCh. 12 - Prob. 10QPCh. 12 - Prob. 11QPCh. 12 - Prob. 12QPCh. 12 - Prob. 13QPCh. 12 - Prob. 14QPCh. 12 - Prob. 15QPCh. 12 - Prob. 16QPCh. 12 - Prob. 17QPCh. 12 - Prob. 18QPCh. 12 - Prob. 19QPCh. 12 - Prob. 20QPCh. 12 - Prob. 22QPCh. 12 - Prob. 23QPCh. 12 - Prob. 24QPCh. 12 - Prob. 25QPCh. 12 - Prob. 26QPCh. 12 - Prob. 27QPCh. 12 - Prob. 28QPCh. 12 - Prob. 29QPCh. 12 - Prob. 30QPCh. 12 - Prob. 31QPCh. 12 - Prob. 32QPCh. 12 - Prob. 33QPCh. 12 - Prob. 34QPCh. 12 - Prob. 35QPCh. 12 - Prob. 36QPCh. 12 - Prob. 37QPCh. 12 - Prob. 38QPCh. 12 - Prob. 39QPCh. 12 - Prob. 40QPCh. 12 - Prob. 41QPCh. 12 - Prob. 42QPCh. 12 - Prob. 43QPCh. 12 - Prob. 44QP
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- For the following, determine whether the type of explanation offered is theoretical (the kind used in inference to the best explanation) or nontheoretical (e.g., teleological, interpretive, procedural). No one noticed the comet before because of cloud cover.arrow_forwardDifferentiate between an gas tail and dust tail of a comet.arrow_forwardExplain how meteor showers are linked to comets. Why do meteor showers recur at about the same time every year?arrow_forward
- Originally thought to be the realm of comets, over the past two decades we discovered that the Kuiper Belt region hosts also many other objects similar in size to Pluto (Figure 22). This seems to imply that there are two completely different types of objects in the region. Do you think that both types of objects formed in this region, or some of these may have migrated to this region at a later time? Briefly explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardUsing the version of Kepler's laws of planetary motion. Calculate the orbital period of an Oort cloud comet if the semimajor axis of the comet's orbit is 50,000 AU.arrow_forwardDescribe the relationship between meteor showers and comets. Why do meteor showers occur about on the same day each year?arrow_forward
- A comet’s perihelion distance is 1 AU, and its aphelion distance is 15 AU. In the following, we make a very crude calculation of the average rate of shrinkage of the comet.(a) Calculate the comet’s orbital period.(b) Estimate how many meters of ice the comet will lose each time it orbits the Sun. (Hint: To simplify the calculations, you may assume that ice sublimates off the comet’s surface during one tenth of its orbital period, that the average cometary distance over that period is 1.5 AU and the density of the cometary ice is 600 kg m−3.)arrow_forwardIn what ways are meteorites different from meteors? What is the probable origin of each?arrow_forwardWhat is the orbital period of a comet nucleus at the inner edge of the Oort Cloud? What is its orbital velocity? Assume a circular orbit. (Hint: Use Keplers third law, Eq. 4-1) (Note: The circumference of a circle is 2r.)arrow_forward
- If the velocity of the solar wind is about 4.0 102 km/s and the visible tail of a comet is 1.0 108 km long, how many days does an atom in the solar wind take to travel from the nucleus to the end of the visible tail? (Nate: 1 day = 86,400 seconds.)arrow_forwardWe believe that chains of comet fragments like Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9’s have collided not only with the jovian planets, but occasionally with their moons. What sort of features would you look for on the outer planet moons to find evidence of such collisions? (As an extra bonus, can you find any images of such features on a moon like Callisto? You can use an online site of planetary images, such as the Planetary Photojournal, at photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov.)arrow_forwardDescribe the two types of comet tails and how each are formed.arrow_forward
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