Laboratory Techniques in Organic Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781464134227
Author: Jerry R. Mohrig, David Alberg, Gretchen Hofmeister, Paul F. Schatz, Christina Noring Hammond
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 12, Problem 3Q
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The error that has been made by student in the setup should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Distillation is a liquid-gas separation technique for two or more liquids on the basis of their difference in boiling temperature or vapor pressure.Vapor pressure is pressure exerted by vapor phase of liquid produced due to an increase in the molecular kinetic energy of the liquid phase or due to the increase in temperature.
The temperature at which atmospheric pressure exerted on liquid equals to its vapor pressure is known to be its boiling point. Vapor pressure of the component decide boiling point of any mixture. Impurities in the mixture might result in an increase or decrease of observed boiling temperature.
The steps for distillation are as follows:
- In distillation, a round bottom flask is filled one-third or half full with the liquid compound to be distilled. If the flask is overfilled it might flow inside condenser attached to it.
- Then a distilling head is inserted into the round bottom flask and then a condenser is attached to the side joint of the distilling head from where the compound is collected in another smaller round bottom flask after distillation.
- A heat source is placed below the distillation flask.
- A thermometer is carefully inserted in the thermometer adaptor and is placed properly on the distillation head for measuring the boiling temperature of the compound being distilled.
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TTI…
A student dissolves a Jefferson nickel to make 100.00 mL
of solution in a volumetric flask. The student takes a
5.00 mL aliquot of the first solution and dilutes it to make
100.00 mL of a second solution. The student places a
sample of the second solution in a cuvette for analysis
using spectrophotometry.
The molarity of the copper solution in the cuvette was
determined by spectrophotometric analysis to be
2.90 x 10-2 M Cu. Calculate the mass of copper in the
Jefferson nickel used to make the first solution.
Use the diagram to help visualize the dilution process.
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100 mL
LIBERTY 200
5 mL
100 mL
cuvette
Chapter 12 Solutions
Laboratory Techniques in Organic Chemistry
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