Concepts of Biology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168116
Author: Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 12RQ
A monophyletic group is a ______.
a. phylogenetic tree
b. shared derived trait
c. character state
d. clade
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A monophyletic group is a ________. a. phylogenetic tree b. shared derived trait c. character state d. clade
Green and brown algae share many common features. Both have pigments for trapping sunlight and use photosynthesis for energy. Both store their food as sugars. Both have cell walls and plant-like bodies. However, their DNA suggests that they are not even remotely related to one another. Green algae and brown algae show __________________ evolution, since they look similar, but are not close relatives.
A) convergent
B) divergent
C) homologous
D) vestigial
Not Graded
Butterfly wings and bat wings are ____ structures, while bird wings and bat wings are ____ structures.
a. homozygous … heterozygous
b. homologous … analogous
c. analogous … phyllogenous
d. analogous … homologous
Chapter 12 Solutions
Concepts of Biology
Ch. 12 - Figure 12.3 In what levels are cats and dogs...Ch. 12 - Figure 12.8 Which animals in this figure belong to...Ch. 12 - What is a phylogeny a description of? a. mutations...Ch. 12 - What do scientists in the field of systematics...Ch. 12 - Which statement about the taxonomic classification...Ch. 12 - Which best describes the relationship between...Ch. 12 - Which best describes a branch point in a...Ch. 12 - Which statement about analogies is correct? a....Ch. 12 - What kind of trait is important to cladistics? a....Ch. 12 - What is true about organisms that are a part of...
Ch. 12 - Which assumption of cladistics is stated...Ch. 12 - A monophyletic group is a ______. a. phylogenetic...Ch. 12 - How does a phylogenetic tree indicate major...Ch. 12 - List the different levels of the taxonomic...Ch. 12 - Dolphins and fish have similar body shapes. Is...Ch. 12 - Describe maximum parsimony.Ch. 12 - How does a biologist determine the polarity of a...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Insectivora is a taxonomic grouping that was used to describe insect-eating mammals like armadillos, hedgehogs, moles, and anteaters. The taxonomy of these animals has beea revised in recent years, and Insectivora is no longer widely accepted because this group of organisms lacks one common ancestor and is instead descended from several ancestors. Which term best describes Insectivora? A. Polyphyletic B. Monophyletic C. Haplophyletic D. Paraphyleticarrow_forwardIn a paraphyletic group a. all species are more closely related to each other than they are to a species outside the group. b. evolutionary reversal is common. c. polyphyly also usually occurs. d. some species are more closely related to species outside the group than they are to some species within the group.arrow_forwardA taxonomic group that contains species that have similar phenotypes due to convergent evolution is a. paraphyletic. b. monophyletic. c. polyphyletic. d. a good cladistic group.arrow_forward
- A clade is_____ . a. defined by a derived character c. a hypothesis b. a monophyletic group d. all of the abovearrow_forwardQ1: It is a group descending from one common ancestor A. Monophyletic B. Polyphyletic C. Periphyletic D. Paraphyletic Q2: It is a group descending from more than one ancestors A. Monophyletic B. Periphyletic C. Paraphyletic D. Polyphyletic Q3: Which of the following characters is not homologous to a bird’s wings? A. A human’s limbs B. A butterfly’s wings C. A bat’s wings D. A whale’s flippersarrow_forwardWhat do scientists use to apply cladistics? a. homologous traits b. homoplasies c. analogous traits d. monophyletic groupsarrow_forward
- On a phylogenetic tree, which term refers to lineages that diverged from the same place? a. sister taxa b. basal taxa c. rooted taxa d. dichotomous taxaarrow_forwardA shared ancestral feature is a/an select one a. symplesiomorphy b.synapomorphy c.autapomorphyarrow_forwardThe group designated as A+B (which includes the immediate internal node of each descendant) represents the smallest monophyletic grouping in this radiating cladogram. But a group designated as E+F+G - A. would be paraphyletic. B. would be polyphyletic. C. would also be monophyletic. D. cannot be determined.arrow_forward
- The phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?arrow_forwardWhich statement is usually true about phylogenetic trees? a) nodes represent points when traits have evolved b) branch tips that are next to each other are more closely related c) the branching pattern describes the hypothesized evolutionary relationships between the taxa d) the order of the branch tips (left to right) indicates which taxa are more advanced evolutionarilyarrow_forwardA scientist has developed 3 different phylogenies that describe the relationships between different species of elephants. In Phylogeny A, there are 4 total changes that resulted in 4 different species. In Phylogenies B and C, there are still 4 total species represented, however, they take 6 and 8 changes, respectively, to create them. Which phylogeny is probably correct? a.)Phylogeny A b.)Phylogeny B c.)Phylogeny C d.)All of the above, given every clade contains the same organismsarrow_forward
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