Microeconomics
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259915727
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 11, Problem 4RQ
To determine
The impact of increasing- and decreasing cost industry supply curve in the long run.
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Suppose that the paper clip industry is perfectly competitive. Also assume that the market price for paper clips is 2 cents per paper clip. The demand curve faced by each firm in the industry is: LO10.3 a. A horizontal line at 2 cents per paper clip. b. A vertical line at 2 cents per paper clip. c. The same as the market demand curve for paper clips. d. Always higher than the firm’s MC curve.
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RM
10
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b.
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6. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium
Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is
identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph.
(?)
80
72
64
56
ATC
48
40
32
24
18
AVC
8
MC O
12 15
18 21 24 27
30
QUANTITY (Thousands of tons)
COSTS (Dollars per ton)
3.
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- The table below describes a firm that sells output in a perfectly competitive market. Note the second column describes total costs. O $8 O $12 O $6 Output O $4 0 1 2 3 4 5 Which of the following market prices would cause the firm's profit-maximizing output level to be equal to 5? 6 Total Cost (in dollars) $3 $9 $14 $18 $23 $30 $40 4arrow_forwardConsider the competitive market for rhodium. Assume that no matter how many firms operate in the industry, every firm is identical and faces the same marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves plotted in the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per pound) 80 72 64 56 co o 32 + 16 8 0 0 4 MC 0 ATC AVC 8 12 16 20 24 28 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) 32 38, 72 36 40 Ⓒarrow_forwardThe following diagram shows the market demand for copper. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30 firms. 80 72 Supply (10 firms) 64 56 48 Demand Supply (20 firms) 40 32 Supply (30 firms) 24 16 8 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) If there were 10 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of copper would be $ per pound. At that price, firms in this industry would . Therefore, in the long run, firms would the copper market. Because you know that competitive firms earn economic profit…arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements in the full competitive market is correct? Choose an answer 1. The companies maximize their profit according to the rule «price equals average total costs». O 2. The companies maximize their profit according to the rule "marginal costs equal average total costs". 3. In the short term, the companies always make a profit. O 4. In the short-term market result, it always applies that the market price is above the average total costs. 5. In the long-term market result, the market price corresponds to the average total costs.arrow_forwardSuppose that the monthly market demand schedule for Frisbees is: Price $8 $7 $6 $5 $4 $3 $2 $1 Quantity Demanded 100 200 400 800 1,600 3,200 6,000 15,000 Suppose further that the marginal and average costs of Frisbee production for every competitive firm are Rate of Output 10 20 30 40 50 60 Marginal Cost $2.00 $3.00 $4.00 $5.00 $6.00 $7.00 Average Cost $2.00 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00 $4.50 Finally, assume that the equilibrium market price is $5 per Frisbee. (a) How many Frisbees are being sold in equilibrium? (b) How many (identical) firms are initially producing Frisbees? (c) How much profit is the typical firm making? (d) In view of the profits being made, more firms will want to get into Frisbee production. In the long run, these new firms will shift the market supply curve to the right and push the price down to average total cost, thereby…arrow_forwardCosts of production for each competitive firm is given by: C(q) = 1 + q2. Market demand is Qd = 200 - 5p. What is the number of firms in the long-run equilibrium? O 110 O 150 O 190 210arrow_forward
- q 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 TFC $5 5 5 5 5 5 5 TVC $0 3 LO 5 9 16 25 36 MC - $3 2 4 7 9 11 P = MR $5 5 5 5 LO 5 5 5 A profit-maximizing firm should produce a quantity of TR $0 5 10 15 20 25 30 TC $5 8 10 14 21 30 41 Profit $-5 - 3 0 1 - 5 11 units. (Enter your response as a whole number.)arrow_forward4. Various measures of cost Suppose the imaginary company of Roobek is a small, Jackson-based American apparel manufacturer specializing in athleisure. The following table presents the brand's total cost of production at several different quantities. Fill in the remaining cells of the following table. Quantity Total Cost Marginal Cost (Pairs) (Dollars) (Dollars) 0 1 2 3 4 LO 5 6 120 200 240 285 340 425 540 Fixed Cost Variable Cost (Dollars) (Dollars) Average Variable Cost (Dollars per pair) Average Total Cost (Dollars per pair)arrow_forward7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the competitive market for rhodium. Assume that no matter how many firms operate in the industry, every firm is identical and faces the same marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves plotted in the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per pound) 80 72 64 56 48 40 32 24 16 8 O 0 4 MC 8 ATC AVC + + + 12 16 20 24 28 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) + 32 ப + 36 40 (?)arrow_forward
- Quantity Price 0 20 1 18 2 16 3 14 4 12 5 10 Are the price and quantity combinations above for a perfectly competitive industry? Select one: O a. No, they are not because the demand curve should be perfectly elastic. O b. No, because the quantities are too low. O c. Yes, they are because the demand curve is downward sloping. O d. Yes, they are because the price falls the same amount for each increase in quantity. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forward7. Short-run and long-run effects of a shift in demand Suppose that the perfectly competitive tuna industry is in long-run equilibrium at a price of $3 per can of tuna and a quantity of 600 million cans per year. Suppose the Surgeon General issues a report saying that eating tuna is good for your health. The Surgeon General's report will cause consumers to demand tuna at every price. In the short run, firms will respond by Shift the supply curve, the demand curve, or both on the following diagram to illustrate these short-run effects of the Surgeon General's announcement. Note: Select and drag one or both of the curves to the desired position. Curves will snap into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther. Supply Demand Supply Demand 1 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 QUANTITY (Millions of cans) PRICE (Dollars per can)arrow_forward7. Long-run cost relationships The following graph shows the short-run average total cost curves and the long-run average cost curve for a publishing firm. The five marked quantities indicate points of tangency between each short-run average total cost curve (SRATC) and the long-run average cost curve (LRAC); for example, Q₁ marks the point of tangency between SRATC₁ and LRAC. The orange point on SRATC3 indicates the firm's current output level in the short run (Q3). COST PER UNIT SRATC₁ LRAC SRATC2 | " Q₂2₂ SRATC3 O " | 1 1 Q3 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT Q₁ SRATC5 SRATC4 1arrow_forward
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